pauper - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Learned borrowing from Latin pauper (“poor”). Originally a legal term.[1] Doublet of poor.
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɔː.pə/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɔ.pɚ/
- (cot–caught merger) IPA(key): /ˈpɑ.pɚ/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈpoː.pə/
- Rhymes: -ɔːpə(ɹ)
pauper (plural paupers)
- One who is extremely poor.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pauper
- One living on or eligible for public charity.
one who is extremely poor
- Arabic: فَقِير (ar) m (faqīr)
- Belarusian: жабра́к m (žabrák), галя́к m (halják), бяда́к m (bjadák), бе́дны m (bjédny)
- Bulgarian: бедня́к (bg) m (bednják), сирома́х (bg) m (siromáh)
- Cherokee: ᎤᏲ ᎢᏳᏛᎿᏕᎩ (uyo iyudvhnadegi)
- Chinese:
- Czech: chuďas (cs) m, chudák (cs) m
- Danish: fattiglem n, fattiglus c
- Dutch: pauper (nl)
- Esperanto: povrulo, malriĉulo
- Estonian: kerjus (et)
- Finnish: tyhjätasku (fi), keppikerjäläinen (fi); rutiköyhä (fi) (adj.)
- French: pauvre (fr) m or f, indigent (fr) m
- German: Bettelknabe m, Armer (de) m
- Greek: πένης (el) m (pénis)
- Ancient: πένης m (pénēs)
- Italian: indigente (it) m or f, poveraccio (it) m, povero (it) m, nullatenente (it) m, bisognoso (it) m
- Japanese: 貧民 (ja) (ひんみん, hinmin), 貧困者 (ひんこんしゃ, hinkonsha), 貧者 (ja) (ひんじゃ, hinja)
- Korean: 빈자 (ko) (binja), 빈민 (ko) (binmin), 극빈자 (ko) (geukbinja)
- Latin: pauper (la) m or f
- Macedonian: голтар m (goltar)
- Maori: pō(w)hara
- Norwegian:
- Persian: بدبخت (fa) (badbaxt), بینوا (bi-navâ)
- Polish: biedak (pl) m, nędzarz (pl) m, ubogi (pl) m, żebrak (pl) m
- Portuguese: indigente (pt) m or f
- Russian: ни́щий (ru) (níščij), бедня́к (ru) m (bednják), бе́дный (ru) m (bédnyj), неиму́щий (ru) (neimúščij), нужда́ющийся (ru) (nuždájuščijsja)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: (related to wealth) pòviru (scn) m, nullatinenti m, senzarobba m; (related to misfortune) mischinu (scn) m, mischinazzu m, puvirazzu m, disgrazziatu m
- Slovak: chudák m
- Slovene: revež m, berač (sl) m
- Spanish: indigente (es) m or f
- Swahili: fukara (sw)
- Swedish: fattiglapp (sv) c, fattighjon (sv)
- Turkish: düşkün (tr), fukara (tr)
- Ukrainian: бідня́к (uk) m (bidnják), бі́дний (uk) m (bídnyj), па́упер (uk) m (páuper), па́впер m (pávper), сірома́ха m or f (siromáxa), сірома́ (uk) m or f (siromá)
- Yiddish: אָרעמאַן m (oreman), אבֿיון m (evyen)
pauper (third-person singular simple present paupers, present participle paupering, simple past and past participle paupered)
- (transitive) To make a pauper of; to drive into poverty.
2017, Naomi Rawlings, Love's Christmas Hope:
“There's no sense in you paupering yourself because you're too stubborn to take my money.”
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “pauper”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- Pauperism on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Poverty threshold on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Measuring poverty on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Learned borrowing from Latin pauper.
pauper
pauper m (plural paupers, diminutive paupertje n)
- (informal, often derogatory) a pauper
From Proto-Italic *pawoparos (a thematic adjective, which was switched to the third declension in Latin analogically), from a compound beginning with Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- (“few, small”) (compare English few). The origin of the second element, -per, is less certain, but probably *perh₃- (“to grant, bestow, provide”) (compare Ancient Greek ἔπορον (époron, “to supply, grant, pay”)), therefore the compound meant “providing little”.[1]
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpau̯.per/, [ˈpäu̯pɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpau̯.per/, [ˈpäːu̯per]
pauper (genitive pauperis, comparative pauperior, superlative pauperrimus); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)
Third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem).
Number | Singular | Plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | Masc./Fem. | Neuter | |
Nominative | pauper | pauperēs | paupera | ||
Genitive | pauperis | pauperum | |||
Dative | pauperī | pauperibus | |||
Accusative | pauperem | pauper | pauperēs | paupera | |
Ablative | paupere | pauperibus | |||
Vocative | pauper | pauperēs | paupera |
- In Late or Vulgar Latin, this third declension adjective seems to have been regularized to first/second declension, like in the attested forms pauperus and paupera
- Asturian: probe
- Catalan: pobre
- Franco-Provençal: pouv(r)o
- Friulian: puar, pùar
- Istriot: puovari
- Italian: povero
- Lombard: pòor, pòr, pòver, pòvar, poret, poaret
- Occitan: paure
- Old French: povre
- Old Galician-Portuguese: pobre
- Piedmontese: pòver, pòr, povr
- Romansch: pover
- Sardinian: poaru, pobaru, poberu
- Sicilian: pòviru, pòvuru, povru
- Spanish: pobre
- Venetian: pore, poro, poaro, povaro
- Learned borrowings
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pauper”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 451: “PIt. *pau(o)-pa/oro-; PIE *peh₂u-(o-)p(o)rh₃-o-”
- “pauper”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pauper”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pauper in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to raise a man from poverty to wealth: aliquem ex paupere divitem facere
- to raise a man from poverty to wealth: aliquem ex paupere divitem facere
pauper
- Alternative form of paper
pauper m or n (feminine singular pauperă, masculine plural pauperi, feminine and neuter plural paupere)