rein - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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From Middle English rein, reyne, borrowed from Anglo-Norman reyne, resne, from Early Medieval Latin retina, ultimately from Classical Latin retineō (“hold back”), from re- + teneō (“keep, hold”). Compare modern French rêne.
Displaced native Old English ġewealdleþer (literally “control leather”).
rein (plural reins)
- A strap or rope attached to a bridle or bit, used to control a horse, animal or young child.
- (figurative) An instrument or means of curbing, restraining, or governing.
The government is attempting to keep a rein on rising prices.
1667, John Milton, “Book X”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
Let their eyes rove without rein.
strap or rope
- Albanian: fre (sq) m
- Arabic: زِمَام m (zimām), عِنَان m (ʕinān)
- Armenian: երասան (hy) (erasan), երասանակ (hy) (erasanak), պախուրց (hy) (paxurcʻ), սանձ (hy) (sanj)
- Azerbaijani: cilov (az)
- Bashkir: дилбегә (dilbegə)
- Belarusian: по́вад m (póvad), ле́йцы pl (ljéjcy)
- Bengali: লাগাম (bn) (lagam)
- Bulgarian: по́вод (bg) m (póvod), юзда́ (bg) f (juzdá)
- Catalan: regna (ca) f
- Chinese:
- Czech: otěž f, uzda (cs) f
- Danish: tømme (da) c
- Dutch: teugel (nl) m
- Esperanto: gvidrimeno
- Estonian: ohi (et), ratsmed pl
- Finnish: ohja (fi), ohjas (fi), suitset (fi)
- French: rêne (fr) f
- Friulian: rèdine f
- Galician: renda (gl) f, rédea f
- Georgian: აღვირი (ka) (aɣviri)
- German: Zügel (de) m
- Greek: ηνίο (el) n (inío)
- Ancient: ἡνίᾱ f (hēníā)
- Hungarian: gyeplő (hu)
- Ido: reino (io)
- Italian: redine (it) m, briglia (it) f
- Japanese: 手綱 (ja) (たづな, tazuna)
- Kazakh: делбе (delbe), тізгін (tızgın)
- Khmer: ខ្សែបង្ហៀរ (khsae bɑnghiə)
- Korean: 고삐 (ko) (goppi)
- Kyrgyz: тизгин (ky) (tizgin)
- Lao: ແຄ່ມ (khǣm), ໃຫຍ້ (nyai)
- Latvian: pavada f
- Lithuanian: pavadis m
- Macedonian: по́вод m (póvod), узда f (uzda), дизгин m (dizgin), по́водник m (póvodnik)
- Manchu: ᠴᡳᠯᠪᡠᡵᡳ (cilburi), ᠶᠠᡵᡶᡠᠨ (yarfun)
- Maori: reina
- Mongolian:
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: retna (oc) f, guida (oc) f
- Old English: ġewealdleþer n
- Ottoman Turkish: زمام (zimam)
- Persian: افسار (fa) (afsâr), دوال (fa) (davâl), پالهنگ (fa) (pâlhang)
- Polish: wodze pl, lejce (pl) pl, cugiel m
- Portuguese: rédea (pt) f
- Romanian: frâu (ro) n
- Russian: по́вод (ru) m (póvod), пово́дья (ru) m pl (povódʹja), бразды́ (ru) f pl (brazdý), вожжа́ (ru) f (vožžá), во́жжи (ru) f pl (vóžži), узда́ (ru) f (uzdá)
- Salar: çulur
- Scottish Gaelic: srian f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovak: uzda f, liace pl
- Slovene: vajeti f pl
- Southern Altai: тискин (tiskin)
- Spanish: rienda (es) f
- Swedish: tygel (sv) c, töm (sv) c
- Tagalog: renda
- Tajik: афсор (afsor), давол (davol), полҳанг (polhang)
- Tatar: дилбегә (tt) (dilbegä)
- Thai: บังเหียน (th) (bang-hǐian)
- Turkish: dizgin (tr), yular (tr), çetgen (tr)
- Ukrainian: по́від m (póvid), ві́жка f (vížka)
- Uzbek: tizgin (uz)
- Venetian: redena f
- Vietnamese: dây cương (vi)
- West Frisian: leie, jaling
rein (third-person singular simple present reins, present participle reining, simple past and past participle reined)
- (transitive) To direct or stop a horse by using reins.
[1611?], Homer, “(please specify |book=I to XXIV)”, in Geo[rge] Chapman, transl., The Iliads of Homer Prince of Poets. […], London: […] Nathaniell Butter, →OCLC; republished as The Iliads of Homer, Prince of Poets, […], new edition, volumes (please specify the book number), London: Charles Knight and Co., […], 1843, →OCLC:
He mounts and reins his horse.
- (transitive) To restrain; to control; to check.
c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
Being once chafed, he cannot / Be reined again to temperance.
2001, Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections:
After an interval that he judged to have lasted twenty minutes, the bed began to shake with poorly reined sobs.
- (intransitive) To obey directions given with the reins.
2011, Marie Claire Peck, Rocking Horse Ranch, page 40:
She worked each horse at a walk, trot, and then a canter. The horses reined well and executed stops quickly.
From Anglo-Norman reines, Middle French reins, and their source, Latin rēnēs. Doublet of ren.
rein (plural reins)
rein
- Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien.
From Middle Dutch reine, from Old Dutch reini, from Proto-West Germanic *hrainī, from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz.
rein (comparative reiner, superlative reinst)
Declension of rein | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | rein | |||
inflected | reine | |||
comparative | reiner | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | rein | reiner | het reinst het reinste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | reine | reinere | reinste |
n. sing. | rein | reiner | reinste | |
plural | reine | reinere | reinste | |
definite | reine | reinere | reinste | |
partitive | reins | reiners | — |
rein
Inherited from Middle French rein, from Old French rein, from the plural reins, from Latin rēnes < rēn, from Proto-Italic *hrēn, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰren- (“an internal part of the body”).
rein m (plural reins)
- (anatomy) kidney
- (in the plural) small of the back, waist
- “rein”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
From Middle High German reine, from Old High German reini, from Proto-West Germanic *hrainī, from Proto-Germanic *hrainiz, from Proto-Indo-European *króy-n-is, from *krey- (“divide, sift”). Cognate with Old Saxon hreni, (Low German ren), Dutch rein, Old Norse hreinn (Swedish ren), Ancient Greek κρῑ́νω (krī́nō, “separate, decide, judge”), Old Irish criathar, English riddle (“sieve”).
rein (strong nominative masculine singular reiner, comparative reiner, superlative am reinsten)
- pure, clear, plain
2010, Der Spiegel[1], number 24/2010, page 131:
Natürlich ist eine Weltmeisterschaft kein reines Sportevent mehr, sie ist sicher auch ein bisschen Welt- und Entwicklungspolitik.
- Of course, a world championship is no longer a pure sports event, it surely is also a bit of world and development politics.
Comparative forms of rein
Superlative forms of rein
rein
- purely
Unsere Beziehung ist rein platonisch.
- Our relationship is purely platonic.
Contraction of herein (“in here”), or hinein (“in there”).
rein
- (colloquial) inside, in here
- Er kommt jetzt rein. ― He's coming inside now.
- (colloquial) inside, in there
- Er geht rein zu den andern. ― He's going inside to the other people.
The standard language distinguishes the meanings of hinein (“in there: away from the speaker”) and herein (“in here: towards the speaker”). Rein is used for both meanings.
- “rein” in Duden online
- “rein” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- Friedrich Kluge (1883) “rein”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
From Old Norse rein, reina, from Proto-Germanic *rainō. Cognate with English rean, German Rain.
rein f (genitive singular reinar, nominative plural reinar)
- strip (of land)
Declension of rein | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f-s1 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | rein | reinin | reinar | reinarnar |
accusative | rein | reinina | reinar | reinarnar |
dative | rein | reininni | reinum | reinunum |
genitive | reinar | reinarinnar | reina | reinanna |
From Old Irish rígan (“queen”), from Proto-Celtic *rīganī. Cognate to Irish ríon, Scottish Gaelic rìghinn, rìbhinn, Welsh rhiain.
rein f (genitive singular [please provide], plural [please provide])
rein
- Alternative form of reyn (“rain”)
From Old French rein.
rein m (plural reins)
- French: rein
From Old French rein, reins, from Latin rēn, rēnes.
rein m (plural reins)
rein (neuter singular reint, definite singular and plural reine, comparative reinere, indefinite superlative reinest, definite superlative reineste)
rein m (definite singular reinen, indefinite plural reiner, definite plural reinene)
- a reindeer
- “rein” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
rein (neuter singular reint, definite singular and plural reine, comparative reinare, indefinite superlative reinast, definite superlative reinaste)
rein m (definite singular reinen, indefinite plural reinar, definite plural reinane)
- a reindeer, Rangifer tarandus
1855, Ivar Aasen, Ervingen:
[…] renna i Kapp med Reinen, um Raasi er tung og vaat: Dat maa ein Galning vera, som so vil fara aat.
- To race against the reindeer, if the road is soggy and wet: It must be a madman who wants to act like that.
- “rein” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
First attested in the plural as reins, from Latin rēnes, plural of the almost unused rēn.
rein oblique singular, m (oblique plural reinz, nominative singular reinz, nominative plural rein)
- (anatomy) kidney
- (in the plural, reins) small of the back, lower back
See rien
rein oblique singular, f (oblique plural reinz, nominative singular rein, nominative plural reinz)
- Alternative form of rien
rein
rein (nominative plural reins)
From Old Frisian [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *regn, from Proto-Germanic *regną.
rein c (no plural, diminutive reintsje)
- “rein (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011