roof - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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- IPA(key): /ɹuːf/, /ɹʊf/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɹuf/
- (Inland Northern American) IPA(key): /ɹʊf/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɹuːf/
- (Canada) IPA(key): /ɹuf/
- Rhymes: -ʊf, -uːf
From Middle English rof, from Old English hrōf (“roof, ceiling; top, summit; heaven, sky”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōfą (“roof”).
- (architecture) The external covering at the top of a building.
The roof was blown off by the tornado.
1931, Robert L. May, Rudolph, The Red-Nosed Reindeer, Montgomery Ward, draft:
The very first sound that you’ll hear on the roof
(Provided there’s fog) will be Rudolph’s small hoof.
- The top external level of a building.
Let's go up to the roof.
1962, Gerry Goffin et al. (lyrics and music), “Up on the Roof”:
When this old world starts getting me down
And people are just too much for me to face,
I climb way up to the top of the stairs
And all my cares just drift right into space
On the roof, it's peaceful as can be
And there, the world below can't bother me...
- The upper part of a cavity.
The palate is the roof of the mouth.
2011 October 1, John Sinnott, “Aston Villa 2-0 Wigan”, in BBC Sport[1]:
As Bent pulled away to the far post, Agbonlahor opted to go it alone, motoring past Gary Caldwell before unleashing a shot into the roof of the net.
- (mining) The surface or bed of rock immediately overlying a bed of coal or a flat vein.
- (climbing) An overhanging rock wall.
- barrel roof
- blow the roof off
- built-up roof
- burn the roof
- butterfly roof
- catslide roof
- coach roof
- curb roof
- deck roof
- family roof
- fix the roof while the sun is shining
- French roof
- gable roof
- gambrel roof
- green roof
- hip roof, hipped roof
- hit the roof
- house-roof
- lantern roof
- like a cat on a hot tin roof
- low-slope roof
- mansard roof
- moonroof
- moon roof
- M roof
- pavilion roof
- peaked roof
- pent roof
- pitched roof
- protected membrane roof
- pyramid hip roof
- pyramid roof
- raise the roof
- roof assembly
- roof-brain chatter
- roof curb
- roof deck
- roof knocking
- roof light
- roof of the mouth
- roof over one's head
- roof-plate
- roof prism
- roof rabbit
- roof rack
- roof rake
- roof rat
- roof riding
- roof square
- roof tax
- roof tile
- rooftile
- rooftop
- roof tree
- rooftree
- saddle roof
- shed roof
- single-ply roof
- snow on the roof
- snow on the roof top
- sod roof
- span roof
- square roof
- steep-slope roof
- sunroof
- sunshine roof
- through the roof
- tin roof ice cream
- tin roof pie
- tin roof sundae
- turf-roof
- turf roof
- under one roof
- under someone's roof
- unroof
- unroofed
the cover at the top of a building
- Abkhaz: ахыб (axəb)
- Acehnese: bubong
- Adyghe: шъхьэ (ŝḥɛ)
- Afrikaans: dak (af)
- Ainu: アリㇷ゚ (arip), チェカ (ceka), キタイ (kitay)
- Aklanon: atop
- Albanian: çati (sq) m
- Amharic: ጣራ (ṭara)
- Arabic: سَقْف m (saqf), سَطْح m (saṭḥ)
- Armenian: տանիք (hy) (tanikʻ), կտուր (hy) (ktur)
- Assamese: ছাদ (sad)
- Asturian: teyáu (ast) m, techu (ast)
- Azerbaijani: örtük, dam (az)
- Bashkir: түбә (tübə)
- Basque: teilatu (eu)
- Belarusian: дах (be) m (dax), кры́ша (be) f (krýša) (archaic), страха́ (be) f (straxá)
- Bengali: ছাদ (bn) (chad)
- Breton: toenn (br) f
- Bulgarian: по́крив (bg) m (pókriv)
- Burmese: အမိုး (my) (a.mui:)
- Buryat: орой (oroj)
- Catalan: teulada (ca) f
- Cebuano: atop
- Chakma: please add this translation if you can
- Chechen: тхов (txov)
- Chepang: छाना
- Cherokee: ᎦᏌᎾᎵ (gasanali)
- Chinese:
- Cimbrian: dach f
- Crimean Tatar: dam
- Czech: střecha (cs) f
- Danish: tag (da) n
- Dhivehi: please add this translation if you can
- Drung: chvkung
- Dutch: dak (nl) n
- Egyptian: (kꜣpw)
- Esperanto: tegmento (eo)
- Estonian: katus (et)
- Faroese: tak n
- Finnish: katto (fi), ulkokatto (fi), vesikatto (fi)
- French: toit (fr) m
- Friulian: cuviert m, tet m
- Galician: tellado (gl) m, teito (gl) m, colmo (gl) m, treito m
- Georgian: სახურავი (saxuravi), ბურული (buruli), ბანი (bani)
- Old Georgian: ბედედი (bededi)
- German: Dach (de) n
- Gothic: 𐌷𐍂𐍉𐍄 n (hrōt)
- Greek: στέγη (el) f (stégi), σκεπή (el) f (skepí), οροφή (el) f (orofí)
- Guaraní: ogahoja
- Gujarati: છત (gu) (chat)
- Hebrew: גַּג (he) m (gag)
- Higaonon: atop
- Hiligaynon: atop
- Hindi: छत (hi) f (chat)
- Hungarian: tető (hu), háztető (hu)
- Hunsrik: Dach m
- Icelandic: þak (is) n
- Ido: tekto (io)
- Indonesian: atap (id)
- Ingush: тхов (txov)
- Interlingua: tecto
- Iranun: atep
- Irish: díon (ga) m, ceann m
- Italian: tetto (it) m
- Iu Mien: biauv-ngorh
- Japanese: 屋根 (ja) (やね, yane)
- Javanese: empyak (jv)
- Kannada: ಛಾವಣಿಯ (chāvaṇiya)
- Kashubian: dak m
- Kazakh: шатыр (şatyr), төбе (töbe)
- Khinalug: гис (gis)
- Khmer: ដំបូល (km) (dɑmboul)
- Kinaray-a: atëp
- Korean: 지붕 (ko) (jibung)
- Kumyk: къалкъы (qalqı)
- Kurdish:
- Kyrgyz: чатыр (ky) (catır)
- Ladin: please add this translation if you can
- Lao: ຫຼັງຄາ (lo) (lang khā)
- Latgalian: jumts
- Latin: tēctum (la) n
- Latvian: jumts m
- Ligurian: téito m
- Limburgish: daak (li) n
- Lingala: motondo
- Lithuanian: stogas m
- Livonian: katūks
- Lombard: tècc
- Lun Bawang: afo
- Macedonian: покрив m (pokriv)
- Malagasy: tafo (mg)
- Malay: atap (ms), bumbung (ms)
- Malayalam: മേൽക്കൂര (ml) (mēlkkūra)
- Maltese: saqaf m
- Manchu: ᠣᠶᠣ (oyo)
- Mansaka: atup
- Maore Comorian: utro class 11/10
- Maori: tuanui
- Marathi: छत (chat)
- Moksha: кудбря (kudbŕa)
- Mongolian:
- Nanai: гуичэ (guiče)
- Navajo: hooghan bikááʼ
- Nepali: छाना (chānā)
- Ngazidja Comorian: paa class 5/6, triho class 5/6
- Norman: lief m
- North Frisian: (Föhr-Amrum) taag n
- Northern Sami: dáhkki
- Norwegian:
- Occitan: teulat (oc) m, tech (oc) m
- Odia: ଛାତ (or) (chāta), ପକା (or) (pakā)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: стрѣха f (strěxa)
- Old East Slavic: кровъ m (krovŭ), стропъ m (stropŭ)
- Old English: hrōf m, þæc n
- Ossetian: уӕлхӕдзар (wælxæʒar)
- Ottoman Turkish: طام (dam), چاتی (çatı)
- Pacoh: mpuông
- Palauan: chado
- Pashto: بام (ps) m (bām)
- Persian:
- Piedmontese: tèit m
- Plautdietsch: Dak (nds) n
- Polish: dach (pl) m
- Portuguese: telhado (pt) m
- Punjabi: ਛੱਤ (chatta)
- Quechua: gata, wasi qhatana
- Rohingya: sal
- Romagnol: cvērt m
- Romanian: acoperiș (ro) n
- Romansch: tetg m, tet m
- Russian: кры́ша (ru) f (krýša), кров (ru) m (krov), строп (ru) m (strop), стреха́ (ru) f (strexá)
- Salar: eçik
- Sango: li tî da (sg)
- Sanskrit: छदि (sa) f (chadi)
- Sardinian:
- Scottish Gaelic: mullach m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Sicilian: tettu (scn) m
- Sinhalese: ඡදන (chadana)
- Slovak: strecha (sk) f
- Slovene: streha (sl) f
- Somali: saqaf (so)
- Sorbian:
- Southern Altai: јабу (ǰabu)
- Spanish: tejado (es), techo (es) m, techado (es) m, techumbre m
- Swahili: paa (sw) class 5/6
- Swedish: tak (sv) n, yttertak (sv) n
- Tagalog: atip (tl), bubong
- Tajik: бом (tg) (bom)
- Talysh: بون (bun)
- Tamil: கூரை (ta) (kūrai)
- Tarifit: tazeqqa f
- Tatar: түбә (tt) (tübä)
- Tausug: atup
- Telugu: కప్పు (te) (kappu)
- Thai: หลังคา (th) (lǎng-kaa)
- Tibetan: ཐོག། (thog)
- Tigrinya: ናሕሲ (naḥsi)
- Tocharian B: ṣim
- Turkish: çatı (tr), örtü (tr), dam (tr)
- Turkmen: üçek, tamyň üsti
- Tuvan: крыша (krışa)
- Ugaritic: 𐎂𐎂 (gg)
- Ukrainian: дах (uk) m (dax), кри́ша f (krýša) (archaic), стрі́ха f (stríxa) (straw), покрі́вля f (pokrívlja)
- Urdu: چَھت f (chat)
- Uyghur: ئۆگزە (ögze)
- Uzbek: tom (uz), tim (uz)
- Venetian: cuèrt (vec), cuerto m, coverto, coerto
- Vietnamese: mái nhà (vi), mái (vi)
- Vilamovian: dāh
- Volapük: nuf (vo)
- Walloon: toet (wa) m
- Welsh: to (cy) m, pen tŷ m
- White Hmong: ru
- Yagnobi: бом (bom)
- Yakan: sapew
- Yiddish: דאַך n (dakh)
- Zazaki: bon (diq), serni n
- Zhuang: please add this translation if you can
- Zulu: uphahla (zu)
the upper part of a cavity
- Afrikaans: dak (af)
- Basque: sabai (eu)
- Bulgarian: тава́н (bg) m (taván)
- Catalan: sostre (ca) m
- Czech: střecha (cs) f
- Dutch: plafond (nl) n
- Finnish: katto (fi), ulkokatto (fi)
- French: toit (fr) m
- Greek: οροφή (el) f (orofí)
- Indonesian: atap (id)
- Old English: hrōf m
- Polish: strop (pl) m, sklepienie (pl) n
- Portuguese: céu (pt) m, teto (pt) m
- Romanian: acoperământ (ro) n
- Russian: свод (ru) m (svod)
- Scottish Gaelic: mullach m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: nebo (sl) n
- Spanish: techo (es)
- Swahili: paa (sw)
- Swedish: tak (sv) n
- Turkish: tavan (tr)
- Vietnamese: trần (vi)
- Welsh: to (cy) m
- Zazaki: tawan m
From Middle English rofen, roven (“to roof”), from the noun (see above).
roof (third-person singular simple present roofs, present participle roofing, simple past and past participle roofed)
- (transitive) To cover or furnish with a roof.
1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 11, page 264:
A trench about ten feet deep was dug in the ground and roofed over with sticks and earth so as to form a dark tunnel.
- To traverse buildings by walking or climbing across their roofs.
- (transitive, slang) To put into prison, to bird.
1998 March 4, “Law and Disorder”, in Beverly Hills, 90210, season 08, episode 22:
Did you see them, David? I mean, did you see them looking at me? I-I'm walking out of the court, and everybody was practically – yeah, they were gawking. […] I mean, Noah roofed me, I proved it, end of story.
2000 January 1, “Stupid”, in Mr. Metaphor (lyrics), The Will Tell Compilation Vol. 1: Thats Right Inc., performed by Word A' Mouth, Block McCloud, and Mr. Metaphor:
2012 November 15, “Brown Bag Wrap”, in Rare Chandeliers, performed by Action Bronson:
2018 May 5, “Attempted 1.0”, AM (lyrics), performed by Skengdo & AM of 410:
You don’t want war, you’re shook of it
Hella man dash when their friend got roofed
- (transitive) To shelter as if under a roof.
1865, Thomas Greenbury, Pleasant Rambles Over Moors, Mountains, Mines, and Waterfalls[2]:
They reached him: the pieces of rock had roofed him over—he was without injury or scratch.
From Middle Dutch roof, from Old Dutch *rōf, *rouf, from Proto-West Germanic *raub, from Proto-Germanic *raubaz. More at robe.
roof m (plural roven, diminutive roofje n)
roof
- inflection of roven:
From Middle Dutch rōve. Cognate with Old High German ruf (Luxembourgish Roff), Old Norse hrufa (English dandruff). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *krewp-.
roof f (uncountable)
- Afrikaans: roof
roof
- Alternative form of rof