Association between oral health and incidence of pneumonia: a population-based cohort study from Korea - PubMed


Minkook Son 1 ,

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Association between oral health and incidence of pneumonia: a population-based cohort study from Korea

Minkook Son et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Pneumonia is related to oral health of the elderly and intensive care unit patients. However, studies on the relationship between overall oral health and pneumonia in the general population have been limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between oral health and pneumonia using a nationwide population-based Korean cohort database. Data from 122,251 participants who underwent health screening and oral examinations in 2004 or 2005 were analyzed. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between oral health and pneumonia. The risk of pneumonia increased significantly in groups with a higher number of dental caries and missing teeth, with respective adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.265 (1.086-1.473; p = 0.0025) and 1.218 (1.113-1.332; p < 0.0001), and decreased significantly in frequent tooth brushing and regular professional dental cleaning groups, with respective adjusted HRs and 95% CI of 0.853 (0.786-0.926; p = 0.0001) and 0.920 (0.855-0.990; p = 0.0255). In addition, regardless of age and comorbidities, oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors were associated with pneumonia. The results indicate that improved oral health may reduce the risk of pneumonia in the general population.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1

Flow of study participants.

Figure 2
Figure 2

Kaplan-Meier curves for the incidence of pneumonia associated with oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors. (A) Number of dental caries, (B) number of missing teeth, (C) frequency of tooth brushing, and (D) frequency of professional dental cleaning. p-value for the log-rank test.

Figure 3
Figure 3

Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for incidence of pneumonia according to oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors with different definitions of pneumonia. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 4
Figure 4

Hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for incidence of pneumonia in subgroup analysis according to oral health status and oral hygiene behaviors. HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

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