Cadillac Series 70: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

Article Images

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[[File:Cadillac 1936 Series 75 Fleetwood Town Sedan.jpg|thumb|left|1936 Cadillac Series 70]]

{{Infobox automobile

| image =~~File:~~ 1936 Cadillac Series 70 4 door Convertible V8(15686599403) (cropped).jpg

| name = First generation Series 70/75

| model_years = 1936–1937

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S. ~~ [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey]], U.S.~~ <ref name="kimes1996"/>

| platform = Series 70: [[GM C platform (RWD)|C-body]] Series 75: [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| layout = [[FR layout]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| body_style = 2-door [[coupe]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 2-door [[Convertible (car)|convertible]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 4-door [[Convertible (car)|convertible]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 4-door [[town car]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 4-door [[limousine]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| wheelbase = Series 70: {{convert|131.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75: {{convert|138.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Commercial:{{convert|156.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| length = Series 70: 1936: {{convert|206.3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1937: {{convert|208.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75: 1936: {{convert|213.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1937: {{convert|215.9|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Commercial: {{convert|231.3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| width = {{convert|74.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}

| height = Series 70: {{convert|69.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75: {{convert|68.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| weight = {{convert|4500|-|5300|lb|kg|abbr=on}}

| engine = {{convert|346|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Cadillac V8 engine#Monobloc|Monobloc]] [[V8 engine|V8]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| transmission = 3-speed [[synchromesh]] [[manual transmission|manual]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| related = Series 70: [[Cadillac V-12|Cadillac Series 80]] [[Cadillac Series 65]] [[Buick Roadmaster]] Series 75: [[Cadillac V-16|Cadillac Series 90]] [[Cadillac V-12|Cadillac Series 85]] [[Buick Limited]]

| designer = [[Harley Earl]]

| caption = 1936 Cadillac Series 70 4-door convertible

}}

The 1936 Series 70 and 75 both had v-shaped windshield styles by [[Fleetwood Metal Body|Fleetwood]]. A narrower radiator shell was supported by the new louver style "Convex vee" grill. Headlights were mounted on the radiator shell. Parking lights were inside the headlights. Front fenders were new with a crease along the center line. The cowl vent was changed back to opening forward. There were built-in trunks on "touring" styles, [[town car]]s and 4-door [[Convertible (car)|convertible]]s. Coupes and 2-door convertibles had [[rumble seat]]s plus a separate door for the spare tire at the extreme rear of the deck. All bodies now utilized the [[Fisher Body|Fisher]] Turret Top.<ref name="kimes1996">{{cite book|title=standard catalog of American Cars 1805-1942|last=Kimes|first=Beverly|publisher=Krause publications|year=1996|pages=~~201-245~~201–245|isbn=0-87341-478-0}}</ref><ref name="gunnell2005">{{cite book|title=Standard Catalog of Cadillac 1903-2005|last=Gunnell|first=John|publisher=Krause publications|year=2005|isbn=0873492897}}</ref>

[[File:1937 Cadillac Series 70 convertible coupe.JPG|thumb|left|1937 Cadillac Series 70 2-door convertible]]

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== 1938–1940 ==

[[File:Cadillac V8 Sedan.jpg|thumb|left|1939 Cadillac Series 75 town car]]▼

{{Infobox automobile

| name = Second generation Series 72/75

| image = 1940 Cadillac Series 75 ~~Imperial Touring Limousine~~Convertible ~~1938~~Coupe 2(5).jpg

| caption = ~~1938~~1940 Cadillac Series ~~70 Imperial Touring Limousine~~75 2-door convertible

| model_years = 1938–1940

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S. <ref name="kimes1996"/>

| layout = [[FR layout]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| wheelbase = Series 72: {{convert|138.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75: {{convert|141.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 72 Commercial: {{convert|165.3|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75 Commercial: 1938: {{convert|161.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1939: {{convert|161.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1940: {{convert|165.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| length = Series 72: {{convert|226.7|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75: 1938: {{convert|220.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1939: {{convert|225.1|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1940: {{convert|228.2|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 72 Commercial: {{convert|253.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> Series 75 Commercial: 1939: {{convert|245.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/> 1940: {{convert|248.7|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| width = {{convert|77.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}

| height =

| weight = {{convert|4800|-|5400|lb|kg|abbr=on}}

| engine = {{convert|346|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Cadillac V8 engine#Monobloc|Monobloc]] [[V8 engine|V8]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| transmission = 3-speed [[synchromesh]] [[manual transmission|manual]]<ref name="kimes1996"/> 4-speed [[Hydramatic]] [[automatic transmission|automatic]]<ref name="kimes1996"/>

| related = [[Cadillac V-16|Cadillac Series 90]] [[Buick Limited]]

| designer = [[Harley Earl]]

}}

[[File:Cadillac 75 Imperial Touring Limousine 1938 2.jpg|left|thumb|1938 Series 70 Imperial Touring Limousine]]

▲[[File:Cadillac V8 Sedan.jpg|thumb|left|1939 Cadillac Series 75 town car]]

[[File:1939 Cadillac Series 75 Convertible Sedan 7529.JPG|left|thumb|1939 Cadillac Series 75 4-door convertible]]

~~[[File:1940 Cadillac Series 75 Convertible Coupe (5).jpg|thumb|left|1940 Cadillac Series 75 2-door convertible]]~~

[[File:1940 Cadillac Series 75 Convertible Coupe (4).jpg|left|thumb|1940 Cadillac Series 75 2-door convertible rear]]

[[File:1940 Cadillac Series 75 Convertible Coupe (3).jpg|left|thumb|1940 Cadillac Series 75 2-door convertible interior]]

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In 1938 the [[Cadillac Series 65]] and the Series 75 shared a new front end style featuring a massive vertical cellular grille, three sets of horizontal bars on the hood sides, alligator hood, and headlights on the filler space between the fenders and the hood. Optional sidemount covers were hinged to the fenders. Quarter windows were of sliding rather than hinged construction. The rear of the body had rounder corners and more smoothly blended lines. Trunks had more of an appearance of being an integral part of the body. Bodies were all steel except for wooden main sills. New chassis details included a column gear shift, horns just behind the grille, battery under the right hand side of the hood, transverse muffler just behind the fuel tank, wheels by a different manufacturer, "Synchro-Flex" flywheel, hypoid rear axle and the deletion of the oil filter. All Cadillacs shared the same 346 in³ [[Cadillac V8 engine|L-head]] [[V8 engine|V8]], although the 75 generated 140 hp (104 kW) instead of 135 hp (101 kW) like the rest of the line thanks to a higher 6.70:1 compression ratio, necessitating the use of higher octane fuel.<ref name="kimes1996"/>

For 1939, all Cadillac V8s had new grille styling; similar in appearance but different in detail dimensions on each series. The pointed center grille and the functional side grilles were die-cast, with ~~finepitch~~fine pitch bars. A single die-cast louver was positioned to the rear of each hood side panel. Headlights were once again attached to the radiator casing. Chassis changes included: tube and fin radiator core; sea shell horns under the hood; 10mm spark plugs.<ref name="kimes1996"/>

In 1940 the one year only Series 72 was introduced as a less expensive companion to the Series 75. 1940 was the final year for the optional ~~sidemounts~~side mounts. Sealed beam headlights were standard equipment. The engine manifold was set at five degrees to the engine to cancel the rearward tilt of the engine and give balanced distribution.<ref name="kimes1996"/>

=== Series 72 ===

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== 1941–1942, 1946–1949 ==

~~[[File:Cadillac Serie 75, 150hp, 5575cc, 140kmh photo-1.JPG|thumb|left|1947 Cadillac Series 75]]~~

{{Infobox automobile

| image = ~~1947~~1948 Cadillac Series 75 Fleetwood (42894196224) (~~4272089767~~cropped).jpg

| name = Third generation Series 67/75

| model_years = 1941–1942, ~~1946-1949~~1946–1949

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S. ~~ [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey]], U.S. s~~<ref name="kimes1996" />

| body_style = 4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]]<ref name="kimes1996" /> 4-door [[limousine]]<ref name="kimes1996" />

| layout = [[FR layout]]<ref name="kimes1996" />

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| related = [[Buick Limited]]

| designer = [[Harley Earl]]

| caption = 1948 Cadillac Series 75

}}

[[File:~~1941~~41 Cadillac ~~Series 75 limousine~~(7458251536) (~~14754662849~~cropped).jpg~~|thumb~~|left|thumb|1941 Cadillac Series 75 limousine]]

[[File:~~Senator~~1941 ~~John~~Cadillac ~~Heinz~~Series ~~History~~75 ~~Center~~limousine -(14754662849) ~~IMG 7745~~(cropped).~~JPG|thumb~~jpg|left|thumb|1941 Cadillac Series 75 ~~hearse~~limousine]]

[[File:DFVAC 1948 Cadillac Miller Meteor front passenger quarter.jpg|thumb|left|1948 Cadillac Series 75 ambulance]]

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In 1941, the '''Series 67''' was introduced using Fisher Body coachwork on a {{convert|139|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} wheelbase and an overall length of {{convert|228|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}, and offered the Touring Sedan seating either 5- or 7-passengers, and continued until 1942 with a listed price of US$2,890 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|2890|1942}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars {{inflation-fn|US}}). A passenger compartment divider was optional for US1,500 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|1500|1942}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars {{inflation-fn|US}}). The Series 67 was longer than the Fleetwood bodied Series 75 using a {{convert|136.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} wheelbase, and a listed price of US$4,045 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|4045|1941}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars {{inflation-fn|US}}).<ref name="kimes1996" />

The grille became more massive in 1942, with even fewer bars and was the beginning of the traditional "egg crate" appearance that all future products adopted. Parking lights became round and fog light sockets became rectangular and were included in the grille area. A bullet shape appeared on the tops of the bumper guards. The nose on the hood louvers were more rounded. Unlike other Cadillacs the fender treatment remained unchanged. A new fresh air ventilating system with air ducts leading from the grille replaced cowl ventilators. Handbrake control was changed from lever to tee-shaped pull handle. Radiator shutter control of engine temperature was replaced by a blocking type thermostat in the water return fitting in the radiator. Prices listed for the top level Series 75 7-passenger Formal Sedan were listed at US$4,484 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|4484|1942}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars {{inflation-fn|US}}) while the Business Imperial 9-passenger was listed at US$3,306 (${{formatnum:{{Inflation|US|3306|1942}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars {{inflation-fn|US}}).<ref name="kimes1996" />

The Series 75 returned after the war as Cadillac's largest model. It retained most of its pre-war styling and rode on the long {{Convert|136|in|mm|abbr=on}} wheelbase and used a distinctive body not shared with other general Motors divisions. Five different touring sedan configurations were featured: with quarter windows; with auxiliary jump seats; business; Imperial seven-passenger and Imperial nine-passenger (the latter two both having jump seats). The engine was the same 346 in³ [[Cadillac V8 engine|L-head]] [[V8 engine|V8]] used by other Cadillacs that year. Standard equipment included large wheel discs, fender skirts, hood, side and lower beltline moldings and stainless steel ~~runningboards~~running boards.<ref name="Kowalke 1997">{{cite book|title=Standard Catalog of American Cars 1946–1975|last=Kowalke|first=Ron|publisher=Krause publications|year=1997|isbn=0-87341-521-3|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/standardcatalogo00beve}}</ref>

Unchanged in all but minor details for 1947, the big Series 75 continued to use the touring sedan body with a stately prewar appearance. It came in the same five configurations marketed the year before and had the same assortment of standard equipment geared to the luxury class buyer.

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The series 67 ~~featured the usage of~~used standard sheetmetal, that was similar and in most ~~times~~cases interchangeable with lower 61 and 62 series. ~~The 67 series~~It had ~~therefore~~ a more ~~family type~~streamlined appearance asthan the ~~series 75 were~~ taller, ~~and therefore~~ more formal ~~in appearance. The~~ series 75, ~~featured~~which had a higher cowl, and ~~the height of the hood was extended to accommodate this extra height. Interior room in the series 75 was larger, and its higher body made it more easily to enter and leave the vehicle~~hoodline.

== 1950–1953 ==

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|model_years = 1950–1953

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S.

|body_style=4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

|layout= [[FR layout]]

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}}

[[File:Cadillac Limousine 1950.jpg|thumb|left|1951 Cadillac Series 75]]

[[File:~~1953~~ Cadillac ~~limousine~~Fleetwood -Limousine ~~Flickr~~1953 -(5629610212) ~~denizen24~~(cropped).jpg~~|thumb~~|left|thumb|1953 Cadillac Series 75 limousine]]

An all-new Series 75 was introduced for 1950 which conformed to the postwar styling introduced on other Cadillacs in 1948. This would replace the pre-war design dating back to 1941 with a new {{Convert|146.8|in|mm|abbr=on}} wheelbase. It featured six-window styling, a one piece windshield, the absence of running boards and a "high-headroom" [[limousine]]-type appearance. 7-passenger seating was again offered via jump seats in the sedan, business sedan and Imperial sedan. Surprisingly [[Hydramatic]] [[automatic transmission]] was optional but power windows were standard equipment.

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[[File:1955 Chiang Kai-shek's car 20131127 1.jpg|alt=|left|thumb|[[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s 1955 Cadillac Series 75]]

{{Infobox automobile

| image = 54 Cadillac Series 75 (9127550496) (cropped).jpg

| name = Series 75

| model_years = 1954–1956

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan]], U.S. ~~ [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey]], U.S.~~

| body_style = 4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

| layout = [[FR layout]]

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| weight = {{convert|5200|-|5300|lb|kg|abbr=on}}

| designer = [[Harley Earl]]

| caption = 1954 Cadillac Series 75

}}

[[File:RamonMagsaysayjf7442 12.JPG|thumb|left|1955 Cadillac Series 75-23 [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RamonMagsaysayjf7442_09.JPG] (Fleetwood - 7 passenger formal sedan of President [[Ramon Magsaysay]]).]]

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[[File:Oldtimer Show 2007 - 070 - 1956 Cadillac.jpg|thumb|right|275px|1956 Cadillac Series 75]]

The big Series 75 "high-headroom" car came as an eight-passenger limousine with driver's partition or eight-passenger sedan without partition, both having jump seats. The Series 75 included a lower sleeker appearing body, a new cellular grille insert, and inverted gull wing front bumpers and tapered dagmar style bumper guards. Round jet style dual exhaust outlets were incorporated into the vertical bumper extensions and the rear bumper was entirely redesigned. An [[Cadillac Eldorado|Eldorado]] -style wraparound windshield was seen. A wide ventilator intake was now stretched across the base of the windshield and a chrome visored headlamp look was emphasized. V-shaped ornaments appeared on the hood and deck lid with [[Cadillac Fleetwood|Fleetwood]] script in the latter location. Wheelbase was up to {{convert|149.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} for 1954, and engine output jumped to 230 hp (172 kW).

In 1955 the grille was redesigned with wider spaces between the blades and the parking lamps were repositioned beneath directly below the headlights. The trim of the Series 75 long wheelbase model was distinctive from other lines. A horizontal rub molding ran from the front parking light housings to the trailing edge of the front door and stopped. A full length vertical air slot-style ~~fenderbreak~~fender break molding was placed directly behind the rear gap of the back doors. The two moldings did not meet at right angles. A Fleetwood script appeared on the rear deck lid. The high headroom appearance was seen again. Both the sedan and the limousine continued to feature auxiliary seats for extra passenger carrying capacity and the Imperial limousine had a hydraulically operated glass driver's partition. Engine output was increased to 250 hp (186 kW). An optional dual-four barrel carb setup boasted 270 hp (201 kW). [[Hydramatic]] [[automatic transmission]] was now standard equipment.

In 1956 there was a new grille, with finer textured insert, and the repositioning of the parking lights in the bumpers, below the wing guards. Buyers were given an option of the standard satin finish grille or an optional gold finish. Cadillac script was found on the left side. A narrow chrome molding and nine vertical louvers were seen. Side trim was about the same as in 1955, except for the addition of exhaust extension moldings on the rear fender. The trim ran long a tapering conical flare from above the wheel housing to the rear bumper. A Fleetwood script appeared on the deck lid and limousine styling was seen again. Both the sedan and the limousine had auxiliary seats and the Imperial limousine again featured a glass driver's partition. Standard equipment was comparable to the previous year. The engine was stroked to {{convert|365|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} for 285 or 305 hp (213 or 227 kW) in 1956.

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|model_years=1957–1958

| platform =Series 75: [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S.

|body_style=Series 70: 4-door [[hardtop]] Series 75: 4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

|layout= [[FR layout]]

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[[File:Caddy-Eldorado-B1958.jpg|thumb|left|1958 Cadillac Series 70 Eldorado Brougham]]

In 1957 a tubular X-frame without side rails was adopted. This resulted in greater structural rigidity and provided for a lower body without a loss of usable space. Front end styling was marked by rubber bumper guard tips and dual circular lamps set into the lower bumper section. Side trim was revised and a dual taillight theme was used. Identifying the Series 75 were bright metal moldings, just forward of the rear wheel openings, highlighted by seven horizontal ~~windsplits~~wind splits. At the upper end this ~~fenderbreak~~fender break trim joined a horizontal molding that ran along a conical flare extending towards both taillamps. The Series 75 came as a limousine or in a nine-passenger sedan configuration, both with auxiliary seats. Power was 300 to 325 hp (224 to 242 kW) for 1957.

In 1958 there was a new grille featuring multiple round "cleats" at the intersection of the horizontal and vertical members. The grille insert was wider and new bumper guards were positioned lower to the parking lamps. New dual headlamps were used and small chrome fins decorated the front fenders. Tailfins were less pronounced and trim attachments were revised. On the sides of the car were five longer horizontal ~~windsplits~~wind splits ahead of the unskirted rear wheel housing and front fender horizontal mouldings with crests placed above the trailing edge and no rocker sill trim. The limousine and nine-passenger long wheelbase sedan were available once again.

The highly expensive and exclusive 4-door [[Cadillac Eldorado]] [[Cadillac Brougham|Brougham]] [[hardtop]] marked the return of the name '''Series 70''', but for only two years, as from ~~1959-60~~1959–1960 the Eldorado Brougham was denoted a Series 6900, and it was discontinued thereafter. Announced in December 1956 and released around March 1957, the Series 70 Eldorado Brougham was a hand built, limited car derived from the Park Avenue and [[Cadillac Orleans|Orleans]] show cars of 1953-54. Designed by Ed Glowacke, it featured the first appearance of quad headlights and totally unique trim. The exterior ornamentation included wide, ribbed lower rear quarter beauty panels extending along the rocker sills and rectangularly sculptured side body "cove" highlighted with five horizontal ~~windsplits~~wind splits on the rear doors. Tail styling treatments followed the Eldorado pattern. This four-door hardtop with rear [[suicide doors]] was an ultra-luxury car that cost an astonishing $13,074 — twice the price of any other 1957 Eldorado and more than the [[Rolls-Royce Silver Cloud]] of the same year. It featured a stainless steel roof, [[air suspension]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Cadillac/1957_Cadillac/1957_Cadillac_Eldorado_Brougham_Press_Release/1957%20Cadillac%20Eldorado%20Brougham-02.html |title=Directory Index: Cadillac/1957_Cadillac/1957_Cadillac_Eldorado_Brougham_Press_Release |publisher=Oldcarbrochures.com |access-date=2011-10-08}}</ref> the first automatic "memory" [[power seat]]s, a dual four-barrel V-8, low profile tires with thin white-walls, automatic trunk opener, Cruise Control, high pressure cooling system, polarized sun visors, Signal-Seeking twin speaker radio, electric antenna, automatic-release parking brake, electric door locks, dual heating system, silver magnetized glovebox, drink tumblers, cigarette and tissue dispensers, lipstick and cologne, ladies compact with powder puff, mirror and matching leather notebook, comb and mirror, [[Arpège]] atomizer with [[Lanvin (clothing)|Lanvin]] perfume, automatic starter with restart function, [[Headlamp#Automatic beam switching|Autronic Eye]], drum-type electric clock, power windows, forged aluminum wheels and [[automobile air conditioning|air conditioning]]. Buyers of Broughams had a choice of 44 full leather interior and trim combinations and could select such items as [[Sheepskin|Mouton]], [[Karakul (sheep)|Karakul]] or lambskin carpeting. The 1957 Series 70 Eldorado Brougham joined the Sixty Special and the Series 75 as the only Cadillac models with [[Cadillac Fleetwood|Fleetwood]] bodies although Fleetwood script or crests did not appear anywhere on the exterior of the car,<ref name="Bonsal2003">{{cite book|last=Bonsal|first=Thomas|title=The Cadillac Story|year=2003|publisher=Stanford University Press|isbn=0-8047-4942-6}}</ref><ref name="SIA1970">{{cite journal|journal=Special Interest Autos|issue=#2 Nov.–Dec. 1970|title=Mark II Meets Eldorado Brougham}}</ref> and so this would also mark the first time in 20 years that a Fleetwood bodied car was paired with the Brougham name. There were serious difficulties with the air suspension. Some owners found it cheaper to have the system removed and replaced with conventional coil springs.<ref>{{cite web|author=the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide |url=http://auto.howstuffworks.com/1950-1959-cadillac3.htm |title=HowStuffWorks "1957, 1958 Cadillac" |publisher=Auto.howstuffworks.com |date=2007-03-13 |access-date=2011-10-08}}</ref> Only 400 Series 70 Eldorado Broughams were sold in 1957.

The major changes to the Series 70 Eldorado Brougham in 1958 were seen inside the car. The interior upper door panels were finished in leather instead of the metal finish used in 1957. New wheel covers also appeared. Forty-four trim combinations were available, along with 15 special monotone paint colors. A total of 304 Series 70 Eldorado Broughams were sold in 1958. 1958 was the last year for the domestic production of the handbuilt Series 70 Eldorado Brougham at Cadillac's Detroit factory, as future manufacturing of the special bodies was transferred to [[Pininfarina]] of [[Turin, Italy]]. It was relabeled the '''Series 6900''' in 1959.

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{{Infobox automobile

|image=Port-Whiteman car run gnangarra 150 (cropped).jpg

|name = ~~Seventh~~Series ~~generation~~70/75

|model_years=1959–1960

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S.

|body_style=4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

|layout= [[FR layout]]

Line 257 ⟶ 258:

| model_years = 1961–1965

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S.

|body_style=4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

|layout= [[FR layout]]

Line 288 ⟶ 289:

|model_years = 1966–1970

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey~~]], U.S.

|body_style=4-door [[sedan (car)|sedan]] 4-door [[limousine]]

|layout= [[FR layout]]

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Although its overall size and character was largely unchanged, the 1969 Cadillac was restyled. Rear quarters were extended to give the car a longer look. There was an all new grille with dual horizontal headlamps positioned in the outboard step down areas of the grille. The hood was again extended, a total of {{convert|2.5|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} to add the impression of extra length. Stretched body and trim; Fleetwood emblems and embellishments; doors cut into a formal, high-headroom roof, and generally higher appointment and trim levels continued to mark Cadillac's most luxurious line. Standard equipment included automatic level control, automatic climate control, rear window defogger, four rear ashtrays and 8.20 x 15 four-ply blackwall tires.

▲[[File:1970 Cadillac Fleetwood 75 (6322583398).jpg|thumb|left|[[Francisco Franco|Generalisimo Francisco Franco's]] 1970 Cadillac Series 75]]

[[File:'70 Cadillac Fleetwood Limousine (Auto classique VAQ St-Lambert '12).jpg|thumb|right|1970 Cadillac Series 75]]

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|model_years = 1971–1976

| platform = [[GM D platform|D-body]]

| assembly = [[Detroit Assembly]], [[Detroit, Michigan~~]], U.S. [[South Gate Assembly]], [[South Gate, California~~]], U.S. [[Linden Assembly]], [[Linden, New Jersey]], U.S.

|layout= [[FR layout]]

|engine = {{convert|472|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Cadillac V8 engine|OHV]] [[V8 engine|V8]] {{convert|500|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Cadillac V8 engine|OHV]] [[V8 engine|V8]]

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[[File:1972 Chiang Kai-shek's car 20131127 1.jpg|thumb|left|[[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s 1972 Fleetwood Seventy-Five]]

In 1972, a modest frontal revision placed more emphasis on horizontal grille blades. The parking lamps were moved from the bumper to between the square ~~bezeled~~beveled headlamps, which were now set wider apart. Standard equipment included automatic level control; carpeted foot rests; fixed ratio power steering; remote control right-hand side outside rearview mirror; rear window defogger and automatic climate control. The sedan included folding auxiliary seats. The limousine had the doors cut into the roof and had the traditional partition and glass divider. Trim included bright body underscores with rear extensions; horizontal thin belt moldings; Fleetwood front fender lettering and laurel wreath badges for the hood and deck lid. Several optional roof treatments were available making these models true factory-built semi-custom-type vehicles.

New energy absorbing bumpers were seen on all GM cars in 1973 and it brought styling refinements to Series 75. Grilles were widened and had an intricate eggcrate design. Larger vertical rectangles housed the parking lamps between wide spaced headlamps which had square bezels but round lenses. Bumpers ran fully across the front and wrapped around each end. Vertical guards were spaced much further apart at a point outboard of the grille. The rear end had a bumper with a flatter upper section housing an angled license plate recess. Border outline moldings vertically "veed" paralleled the fender edge shape at the rear bodysides. Single horizontally mounted rectangular rear side marker lamps were placed over and under the rear tip of the thin beltline trim. Cadillac script was seen on the front fender sides below the belt molding behind the wheel opening. The long wheelbase, expensive Series 75's were immense automobiles with rounded corner side window treatments and rather large "coach windows" cut into the rear roof pillars. The Series 75 had a thin horizontal bodyside molding; front fender nameplates; full-length body underscores with rear extensions and Fleetwood-style wreath badge ornamentation. Standard equipment included carpeted foot rests; fixed ratio power steering; rear seat window defogger; automatic climate control and right outside rearview mirrors operated by remote control. Bumper impact strips were also standard.

In 1974, a wide eggcrate grille was used. Dual round headlamps were mounted close together in square bezels. Further outboard were double deck wraparound parking lamps. Shorter vertical grille guards appeared in about the same position as before. Rear ~~fendersides~~fender sides were flatter without the elliptical bulge. The thin beltline molding was positioned lower by several inches. The rear end had vertical bumper ends with the sidemarker lights built in. New horizontal taillamps were placed beneath the trunk lid. Both bumpers, especially the rear, protruded further from the body. Inside, a new curved "space age" instrument panel housed a new quartz controlled digital clock. Standard equipment included automatic level control; carpeted footrests; fixed ratio power steering; rear seat window defogger; automatic climate control; trailering package and remote control right-hand outside rearview mirror. Black ~~sidewallL78~~sidewall L78-15/D tires were standard. Also found on the Series 75 new gray and white bumper impact strips. Series script appeared on the front fenders, behind the ~~wheelhousings~~wheel housings, and "coach" windows appeared at the rear roof pillar. [[Twilight Sentinel]] was now featured on all 75s at regular prices.

Styling changes for 1975 brought dual rectangular headlamps flanked by rectangular cornering lights wrapped around new, squared-off front fenders. A new cross hatched grille also appeared, with Cadillac script on the header. Both long wheelbase Series 75 came with two separate climate control systems; automatic leveling air shocks; folding jump seats; rear window defogger; trailering equipment and remote control right-hand outside rearview mirrors. The limousine had a leather front chauffeur's compartment and glass partition window. Script identification nameplates were worn on the front fenders, behind the wheel opening. Fleetwood decorative trim was seen. New triangular rear quarter window, of much slimmer design than before, were seen.

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In 1977, General Motors significantly downsized their full-sized cars in response to United States Federal [[CAFE standard]] legislation. The Series 75 designation was dropped by Cadillac in 1977. The 1977 Cadillac Fleetwood Limousine rode on a 144.5-inch wheelbase and was powered by a 425-cubic-inch (7.0 L) V8. This engine was basically a de-bored version of the 472/500 (7.7 L/8.2 L) V8 of previous years. Compared with the 1976 Cadillac Fleetwood 75 which it replaced, the Cadillac Fleetwood Limousine had a wheelbase 7.0 inches shorter and weighed about 900 lb (340 kg) less.<ref name="flammang1999" />

The 425 cu in (7.0 L) engine, a reduced bore 472, was further ~~debored~~decreased in bore for 1980-1981 to 368 cubic inches or 6.0 liters. For 1981, the 368 was provided with a modulated displacement system designed by Eaton Corporation, controlled by a digital computer, which locked off intake and exhaust valves to two or four of the eight cylinders, thus running effectively as a V6 or V4 under light load conditions where in third gear, and over {{convert|35|mph|abbr=on}}. This engine was called the "[[Cadillac V8 engine#368 and V8-6-4|V8-6-4]]". While the 368-cubic-inch engine itself was durable, ~~and~~the ~~its~~complex electronics and sensors for the V8-6-4 system proved troublesome, and, except for limousines, ~~this engine~~ was dropped after 1981. The engine's controls and sensors were ~~a stretch~~inefficient for the computer ~~power~~technology of the era.

Both the 425 and 368 are small-bore versions of the durable and efficient 472 (which was introduced in late 1967 for the '68 model year). The larger 500 had the 472's bore but a longer stroke. This engine family was the last Cadillac cast-iron engine, and the last 'big-block' manufactured by the division.

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|weight = {{convert|3700|-|4000|lb|kg|abbr=on}}

|related =

| designer = [[Irvin Rybicki|Irv Rybicki]]

}}

In 1985, Cadillac revived the Series 75 designation. A new [[FF layout|front wheel drive]] [[General Motors]] [[GM C platform (FWD)|C-body]] [[monocoque|unibody]] platform was introduced in 1985. ~~The~~and ~~Series 75~~Cadillac briefly shifted to this platform, stretched by {{convert|23.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} to a wheelbase of {{convert|134.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}. Even so, the modern front drive edition was more than two feet shorter than the old rear-wheel drive version and weighed 1,200 pounds less, and naturally, also much narrower. The aluminum {{convert|249|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Cadillac High Technology engine#HT-4100|HT-4100]] [[V8 engine|V8]] was used to power the last generation of Series 75. The transmission was a 4-speed [[automatic transmission|automatic]]. Unlike previous generations, the limousines were not built from the ground up, but created from [[Cadillac Coupe DeVille|Coupe DeVilles]] from the Orion plant rather than sedans with extra doors added in the process of stretching the wheelbase from the normal {{convert|110.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} to {{convert|134.4|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}. They were built by [[Hess & Eisenhardt]] at a plant in [[Madison Heights, Michigan]].<ref>Mark Theobald, "Fleetwood Metal Body Co." (History). Coachbuilt, 2004. http://www.coachbuilt.com/bui/f/fleetwood/fleetwood.htm</ref><ref>Mark Theobald, "Hess & Eisenhardt" (History). Coachbuilt, 2004. http://www.coachbuilt.com/bui/h/hess_eisenhardt/hess_eisenhardt.htm</ref> Rear control panels let passengers lock or unlock doors, operate power windows, adjust climate, and control the stereo unit. Additionally, pushbuttons in the rear panels allowed backseat passengers to unlatch the rear doors electrically. Initially, just the standard eight-passenger [[limousine]] was available, but later in the model year, a seven-passenger formal limousine was offered featuring a partition with sliding glass between the front and rear compartments, and a secondary (trunk-mounted) climate control unit. Series 75 limousines had power operated mirrors and specific "Fleetwood" style seating patterns. Aluminum alloy wheels were standard on all 75s. In June 1985, Cadillac general manager and General Motors vice president John O. Grettenberger called the all-new Fleetwood 75 limousine "one of the most significant vehicle development achievements in the 83 year history of the Cadillac Motor Car Division."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.globalfleetmanagement.com/10006301/cadillac-and-ogara-deliver-twenty-limousines-to-china|title=Cadillac and ~~O’Gara~~O'Gara Deliver Twenty Limousines To China|publisher=LCT Magazine|date=September 1, 1985}}{{Dead link|date=June 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="flammang1999" />

Only minor equipment changes arrived for 1986, including the previously optional electronic instrument cluster was now standard equipment, and an armrest-mounted cellular telephone with overhead microphone became available. Cherry grain replaced the former walnut grain on instrument panel and door trim appliques. Automatic door locking prevented the doors from opening with the limousine in gear.

The Cadillac Fleetwood 75 Limousine was available in eight colors (two enamels, four metallics, and two extra-cost colors). Exterior colors included Cotillion White, Sable Black, Platinum Metallic, Academy Gray Metallic, Gossamer Blue Metallic, Commodore Blue Metallic, Corinthian Blue Firemist, and Black Cherry Pearlmist. Tuxedo Grain vinyl roof covering was available in six matching colors for all shades (including Black Cherry Pearlmist), except for Gossamer Blue and Corinthian Blue, which were equipped with the Dark Blue (the same color used for the Commodore Blue models) vinyl roof. Standard-equipment single-color exterior accent stripes were available in nine colors, including White, Dark Gray, Black, Light Blue, Medium Mauve, Dark Blue, Gold, Red, and Dark Claret. Interior colors were upholstered in Black, Gray, and Dark Blue - in Royal Prima Cloth or optional Leather. The front compartment of the Formal Limousine (with the divider window) was upholstered in Black Leather regardless of the color or material selected for the rear compartment.

Both the front and rear styling of the limousine and formal limousine was revised for 1987. A new grille, header moldings and composite headlights with wraparound bezel and cornering lamps were used. Rear styling now featured elongated quarter extensions against which the taillamps, bumper and bumper trim fascia fit flush. Also new was grooved six-inch wide rocker molding made of stainless steel/aluminum composite with a single-rib accent groove. For 1987, new hydro-elastic engine mounts were used to further isolate powertrain vibration.

In 1987, the [[Cadillac Fleetwood Sixty Special]] was reintroduced in limited production to fill non-limousine demands,. ~~though~~Cadillac dropped production of the Fleetwood 75 limousine that year, though limousines continued to be built by [[Hess & Eisenhardt]] and offered until 1992 by special order only<ref name="theobald" />.{{clear}}

== References ==