Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation Company: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Short description|Railway company in New Jersey, US}}

{{Infobox rail

| name = Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation Company

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| logo_size =

| logo_alt =

| system_map = CamdenAmboy{{maplink-road|from=Camden Mapand 1869Amboy Railroad.jpgmap}}

| map_size = 300px

| map_alt =

| map_caption = A map of the Camden and Amboy in 1869

| image =

| image_size =

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| stationsop =

| parent_company =

| headquarters = [[New York City]], U.S.

| marks =

| locale = [[New Jersey]]

| start_year = {{Start date|1830}}

| end_year = {{End date|1872}}

{{Infobox | decat = yes | child = yes

| title =

| label2= Founder

| data2 =[[Robert L. Stevens]]

}}

| predecessor_line = <!-- "predecessors" can also be used; will make label plural. -->

| successor_line = [[United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company]]

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}}

The '''Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation Company''', usually shortened to the '''Camden and Amboy Railroad''', was a railway company in the [[UnitedNew StatesJersey]]. It was incorporated in 1830 and opened its first line in 1832, making it one of the [[oldest railroads in North America]].

It was consolidated with two other railroads in 1872 to form the [[United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company]] (a forerunner of the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]]). Part of the company's original main line between [[Camden, New Jersey]], and [[South AmboyBordentown, New Jersey|Bordentown]], is used by the [[River Line (NJ Transit)|River Line]].

==History==

[[File:CamdenAmboy Map 1869.jpg|thumb|A map of the Camden and Amboy in 1869]]

The state of [[New Jersey]] chartered both the Camden and Amboy and the [[Delaware and Raritan Canal Company]] on February 4, 1830., Both companiesto developeddevelop connections between [[New York City]] and [[Philadelphia]].{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=215}} The two companies, though remaining independent, agreed to cooperate and became known as the "Joint Companies." The Camden and Amboy was the first railroad to use wooden [[railroad tie]]s and [[Rail profile|T-section rails]].{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=216}} The company completed a line between [[Bordentown, New Jersey|Bordentown]], on the [[Delaware River]], and [[South Amboy, New Jersey|South Amboy]], in December 1832.

The line was further extended south from Bordentown to [[Camden, New Jersey|Camden]], across the Delaware from Philadelphia, in September 1834.{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=67}} In the absence of a bridge over the Delaware, passengers bound for Philadelphia transferred to boats at Bordentown or Camden.{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=216}}

The Protection Act, passed in 1832, "prohibit[ed] any other railroad from building within three miles of the Camden & Amboy's termini."{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=217}} This did not preclude the [[New Jersey Rail Road and Transportation Company]] from building a line between [[Jersey City, New Jersey]], and [[New Brunswick, New Jersey]]. The line was fully opened in 1837.{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=75}}{{sfnp|Freeman|1953|pp=116; 123}} Meanwhile, the [[Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad]], a [[Pennsylvania]] company, was building a line between its two namesake cities.

In 1836, the Philadelphia and Trenton agreed to cooperate with the Joint Companies.{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=220}} The Camden and Amboy linked these projects together by building from Bordentown to Trenton (1838), and then Trenton to New Brunswick (1839).{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=67}}

The CamdenNew Brunswick Division, as originally constructed, closely paralleled the Delaware and AmboyRaritan builtCanal threebetween otherKingston and Trenton. In 1864, a new alignment was opened that bypassed this winding route, shortextending branches:from the [[Belvidere Delaware Railroad|Belvidere Delaware's]] line at Trenton. To maintain access to Princeton, the [[Princeton Branch]], serving [[Princeton, New Jersey]];, opened the year after.{{sfnp|McKelvey|2018}} Upon the old line's closing, the Kingston Branch, serving [[Kingston, New Jersey]];, andbegan service on the Florenceold Branch,line servingin 1866.{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=67}} A branch to [[Florence, New Jersey]] was opened in 1872.{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=67}}

The New Jersey Rail Road, Camden and Amboy Railroad, and Delaware and Raritan Canal Company moved to a closer association in 1867 when they created a joint board of directors. This was known as the "United Companies", although all three companies continued to be independent.{{sfnp|Churella|2013|p=354}} A formal consolidation into the [[United New Jersey Railroad and Canal Company]] followed in 1872; the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] leased the new company from the outset.{{sfnp|Coverdale & Colpitts|1946|p=52}}

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== See also ==

* [[John Bull (locomotive)]]

* [[Monster (locomotive) ]]

== Notes ==

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* {{Churella-PRR-1}}

* {{Coverdale & Colpitts 2}}

* {{cite journal | last=Freeman | first=Leslie E., Jr. | title=The New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company | journal=[[The Railway and Locomotive Historical Society Bulletin]] | date=May 1953 | issue=88 | pages=100–159 | jstor=43520074 | url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43520074}}

* {{Cite web |last=McKelvey |first=Bill |date=March 21, 2018 |title=New Jersey Transportation Chronology |url=https://www.lhry.org/nj-transportation-chronology |access-date=2024-09-27 |website=Liberty Historic Railway |language=en-US}}

{{Commons category}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Camden Amboy Railroad Transportation Company}}