H. D. Deve Gowda: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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{{shortShort description|11th Prime Minister of India from 1996 to 1997 (born 1933)}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}
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| predecessor = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| successor = [[Inder Kumar Gujral]]
| office4 = [[MinisterMinistry forof Home Affairs (India)|Union Minister of Home Affairs]]
| term_start4 = 1 June 1996
| term_end4 = 28 June 1996
| primeminister4 = ''Himself''
| predecessor4 = [[Murli Manohar Joshi]]
| successor4 = [[Indrajit Gupta]]
| office5 = 8th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
| governor5 = [[Khurshed Alam Khan]]
| term_start5 = 11 December 1994
| term_end5 = 31 May 1996
| predecessor5 = [[Veerappa Moily]]
| successor5 = [[J. H. Patel|Jayadevappa Halappa Patel]]
| office2 = [[Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[Rajya Sabha]]
| constituency2 = [[List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka|Karnataka]]
| term_start2 = 26 June 2020
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| term_end3 = 2 March 1998
| predecessor3 = Leeladevi Renuka Prasad
| successor3 = [[A. LaxmisagarLakshmisagar]]
| office1 = President of [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]
| term_start1 = July 1999
| term_end1 =
| predecessor1 = ''PositionOffice Establishedestablished''
| successor1 =
| office6 = [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]], [[Lok Sabha]]
| constituency6 = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]], [[Karnataka]]
| term_start6 = 17 May 2004
| term_end6 = 23 May 2019
| predecessor6 = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
| successor6 = [[Prajwal Revanna]]
| constituency7 = [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakapura]], Karnataka]]
| term_start7 = 2 February 2002
| term_end7 = 16 May 2004
| predecessor7 = [[M. V. Chandrashekara Murthy]]
| successor7 = [[Tejashwini Sreeramesh]]
| constituency8 = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]], Karnataka]]
| term_start8 = 10 March 1998
| term_end8 = 26 April 1999
| predecessor8 = [[Rudresh Gowda]]
| successor8 = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
| constituency9 = [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]], Karnataka]]
| term_start9 = 20 June 1991
| term_end9 = 11 December 1994
| predecessor9 = [[H.C_Srikantaiah|H. C. Srikantaiah]]
| successor9 = [[Rudresh Gowda]]
| office10 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|Member]] of [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
| constituency10 = [[Ramanagaram (VidhanaVidhan Sabha constituency)|Ramanagara]]
| term_start10 = {{Start date|1994||}}
| term_end10 = {{End date|1996||}}
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| predecessor11 = Y. Veerappa
| successor11 = [[G. Puttaswamy Gowda]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1933|05|18|df=91yes}}
| birth_place = [[Haradanahalli]], [[Kingdom of Mysore]], [[British Raj|British India]] <br /> {{small|(present-day [[Karnataka]], [[India]])}}
| party = [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]<br />{{small|(1999–present)}}
| otherparty = *[[National Democratic Alliance]] {{small|(2007-08; 2023-present)}}
*[[Janata Dal]] <small>(1990–1999)</small>
*[[Janata Party]] <small>(1977–1990)</small>
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*UOP <small>(1976–1977)</small><ref>{{Cite web|title=Leaders of the Opposition of Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 1962|url=http://kla.kar.nic.in/assembly/review/previousleaderofopposition.htm|access-date=2021-08-09|website=kla.kar.nic.in}}</ref>
*[[Indian National Congress]] <small>(1953–1962)</small>
| spouse = {{Marriagemarriage|Chennamma|25 May 1954}}
| children = 6 children; including [[H. D. Revanna]],<br />[[H. D. Kumaraswamy]]
| profession = {{hlist|[[Politician]], |[[Farmeragriculturist]], |[[Civilcivil engineer]]}}
| website = {{URL|http://hddevegowda.in}}
| signature = DeveGowdaH.D.Devegowda autographSignature.jpgsvg
| education = [[Diploma in Civil Engineering]]
| nationality = [[IndiaIndian people|Indian]]n
| alma_mater = L. V. Polytechnic, Hassan
| nickname = Mannina Maga <br /> Dodda Gowdaru
}}
{{Indian name|Deve Gowda|Haradanahalli Doddegowda}}'''Haradanahalli Doddegowda Deve Gowda''' ({{pronunciation|H. D. Deve Gowda name pronounciation.ogg}}; born 18 May 1933)<ref name="pmindia1">{{cite web|url=http://www.pmindia.gov.in/en/former_pm/shri-h-d-deve-gowda/|title=Shri H. D. Deve Gowda|publisher=pmindia.gov.in|access-date=4 August 2012}}</ref> is an Indian politician who served as the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|11th]]was [[Prime Minister of India|prime minister of India]] from 1 June 1996 to 21 April 1997.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Press Trust of India |title=I will not contest any more elections: Deve Gowda |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/i-will-not-contest-any-more-elections-deve-gowda/article6933522.ece |access-date=13 December 2021 |work=The Hindu |date=25 February 2015 |language=en-IN |quote=Gowda became the 12th Prime Minister in June 1996.}}</ref><ref name="www.britannica.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/938170/HD-Deve-Gowda |title=Britannica article|access-date=2014-10-16}}</ref> He was previously the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|14th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. He presently is a [[Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha|Member of Parliament]] in the [[Rajya Sabha]] representing [[Karnataka]]. He is the national president of the [[Janata Dal (Secular)]] party.<ref name="janata.in">{{cite web|title=JDS Leader: H. D. Deve Gowda Profile|url=http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|publisher=janata.in|access-date=11 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925020517/http://www.janata.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=55&Itemid=62|archive-date=25 September 2010}}</ref> Born in a farming family, he joined the [[Indian National Congress]] party in 1953, and remained a member until 1962. He was imprisoned during [[The Emergency (India)|the Emergency]]. He became President of the state unit of [[Janata Dal]] in 1994, and was considered to be a driving force in the party's victory in [[Karnataka]]. He served as the [[List of Chief Ministers of Karnataka|8th]] [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]] from 1994 to 1996. In the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general elections]], no party won enough seats to form a government. When the [[Third Front (India)|United Front]], a coalition of regional parties, formed the central government with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government after [[V. P. Singh]] and [[Jyoti Basu]] declined the post <ref name="m959">{{cite web | last=Mukerji | first=Debashish | title=Before Deve Gowda, VP Singh was asked to be PM of United Front. He hid in his flat, car | website=ThePrint | date=8 December 2021 | url=https://theprint.in/pageturner/excerpt/before-deve-gowda-vp-singh-was-asked-to-be-pm-of-united-front-he-hid-in-his-flat-car/777894/ | access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref><ref name="w849">{{cite web | last=Srinivasaraju | first=Sugata | title=Deve Gowda and the accidental prime ministers | website=The New Indian Express | date=5 June 2021 | url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/2021/Jun/05/devegowda-and-the-accidental-prime-ministers-2311864.html | access-date=29 June 2024}}</ref>and he was elected Prime Minister. During his tenure as prime minister, he also served as Home Minister for some time. His prime ministerial tenure lasted for less than a year. After his prime ministerial tenure, he was elected to the 12th (1998), 14th (2004), [[15th Lok Sabha|15th]], and [[16th Lok Sabha]], as Member of Parliament for the [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]] Lok Sabha constituency. He lost [[2019 Indian general election|Lok Sabha elections in 2019]] from [[Tumkur Lok Sabha constituency|Tumkuru]] but has been elected to Rajya Sabha since.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.timesnownews.com/elections/article/hassan-karnataka-election-2019-hassan-election-results-political-parties-jd-s-bjp-prajwal-revanna-manju-a/414691| title=Hassan Election Result 2019| publisher=Times Now | date=23 May 2019|access-date=24 May 2019}}</ref>
==Early life==
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In January 1995, Gowda toured [[Switzerland]] and attended the Forum of International Economists. His tour to [[Singapore]] brought in foreign investment to the State.<ref name="pmindia1"/>
== Prime Minister (June 1996 - April 1997)==
{{See also|Deve Gowda ministry}}
[[File:Bruh Doddegowda.jpg|thumb|Official portrait as Prime Minister of India]]
In the [[1996 Indian general election|1996 general elections]], the Congress party headed by [[P. V. Narasimha Rao]] lost decisively but no other party won enough seats to form a government.
When the [[United Front (India, 1996)|United Front]] (a conglomeration of non-Congress and non-BJP regional parties) decided to form the Government at the Centre with the support of the Congress, Deve Gowda was unexpectedly chosen to head the government and became the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|11th]] [[Prime Minister of India]].<ref name="janata.in"/> He took over as [[Prime Minister of India]] on 1 June 1996 and continued until 21 April 1997. Also, he was the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the United Front, the policy making apex body of all the constituents of the ruling front.<ref name="janata.in"/> He is credited for providing financial closure and kickstarting development of the [[Delhi Metro]] Project.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/the-derailment-of-e-sreedharan/articleshow/81295358.cms|title=The derailment of E Sreedharan|date=2 March 2021|website=TOI|language=en|access-date=4 March 2021}}</ref>
==Post-premiership==
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==Positions held==
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{{Importance section|date=July 2022}}
[[File:The former Prime Minister, Shri H.D. Deve Gowda addressing at the release of Book “MOVING ON… MOVING FORWARD A YEAR IN OFFICE”, published on the completion of One Year in the Office of the Vice President.JPG|thumb|Deve Gowda giving a speech]]<!--PLEASE DO NOT MAKE ADDITIONS TO THIS LIST WHICH DO NOT HAVE APPROPRIATE REFERENCES-->
*Gowda was a Member of the [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]] twice, from 1962 to 1989, and later from 1994 to 1996. From 1972 to 1976, he was the Leader of Opposition,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972}}</ref> and the Karnataka State President of the new [[Janata Party]] (Jaya Prakash) faction. [[Subramanianin Swamy]] was the national president1989.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-man-who-would-be-pm/201434|title = The Man Who Would be PM | Outlook India Magazine| date=6 February 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1989-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989}}</ref> In 1991, Gowda was elected to [[10th Lok Sabha]] from [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)|Hassan]], and in three years after, became a Member, Committee on Commerce of the parliament.▼
In 1994, he was made the President of the [[Janata Dal]] in Karnataka and the [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]], a position he held till 1996. The next year was him becoming the [[List of Prime Ministers of India|Prime Minister of India]]. From 1996 to 1998, he was a member of the [[Rajya Sabha]], and was re-elected into the [[12th Lok Sabha]] for a 2nd term in 1998, [[13th Lok Sabha]] in 1999 and a re-election in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1999-election-results.html|title = 1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results}}</ref>
* 1962–1989, 1994–1996 : Member, [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
* 1972–1976 : Leader of Opposition, Karnataka Legislative Assembly.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1972-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1972}}</ref>
*On 23 May 2019:, Losthe lost from [[Tumkur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tumkur]] in the [[2019 Indian general election|17th Lok Sabhageneral electionselection]].,<ref>{{cite news |title=Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur|work=The News Minute|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sacrifice-grandsons-proves-costly-deve-gowda-he-loses-tumkur-102297|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="164.100.47.132">{{Cite web |url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |title=Lok Sabha |access-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019223206/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Thishis wasthird thesuch thirdloss. timeIn 2020, he lostwas elected ato [[LokRajya Sabha]] electionfrom asKarnataka.<ref>{{cite anews former|title=H PrimeD Minister,Deve afterGowda defeatstakes inoath 1999as andRajya 2004Sabha member |work= Hindustan Times Minute|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/h-d-deve-gowda-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/story-MsIBNJqx8Z6lVQdgIXqvlL.html|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref>▼
* 1978 : Member, [[Karnataka Legislative Assembly]], from Holenarasipur
* 1983–1988 : Minister for Public Works and Irrigation, Government of Karnataka.
▲* 1989 : Karnataka State President of the new Janata Party (Jaya Prakash) faction. [[Subramanian Swamy]] was the national president.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://magazine.outlookindia.com/story/the-man-who-would-be-pm/201434|title = The Man Who Would be PM | Outlook India Magazine| date=6 February 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.in/karnataka/assembly-constituencies/1989-election-results.html|title = Karnataka Assembly Election Results in 1989}}</ref>
* 1991 : Elected to [[10th Lok Sabha]] from [[Hassan (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
* 1991–1994 : Member, Committee on Commerce
** Member, Joint Parliamentary Committee on Fertilizers
** Member, Consultative Committee, Ministry of Agriculture
* 1994 : President, [[Janata Dal]], Karnataka.
* 1994–1996 : [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]],
* Jun. 1996 – Apr. 1997 : [[List of Prime Ministers of India|Prime Minister of India]] and also in charge of Ministries/Departments of Petroleum and Chemicals, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Atomic Energy, Home Affairs, Agriculture, Food Processing Industries, Urban Affairs and Employment and Non-Conventional Energy Sources
* 1996–1998 : Member, [[Rajya Sabha]]
* Nov. 1996-Apr. 1997 : Leader of the House, [[Rajya Sabha]]
* 1998 : Re-elected to [[12th Lok Sabha]] (2nd term).
** National President, [[Janata Dal (Secular)]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elections.in/parliamentary-constituencies/1999-election-results.html|title = 1999 India General (13th Lok Sabha) Elections Results}}</ref>
* 2002 : Re-elected to [[13th Lok Sabha]] winning a by-election from [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakpura]]. (3rd term)
* 2004 : Contested elections for [[14th Lok Sabha]] from two seats.
** Was elected to [[14th Lok Sabha]] (4th term), from Hassan
** But lost from [[Kanakapura (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kanakpura]], where he came third behind the winner [[Tejashwini Gowda]] (Congress) and [[Ramachandra Gowda]] (BJP).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indiavotes.com/pc/detail/6846/43/14|title = IndiaVotes | India's largest election database}}</ref>
* 2006–2008 : Member, Committee on Railways
* 2009 : Re-elected to [[15th Lok Sabha]] (5th term)
* 31 Aug 2009 : Member, Committee on Defence
* 2014 : Re-elected to [[16th Lok Sabha]] (6th term)
* 1 Sep 2014 : Appointed member, Standing Committee on Defence
▲* 23 May 2019: Lost from [[Tumkur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Tumkur]] in [[2019 Indian general election|17th Lok Sabha elections]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Sacrifice for grandsons proves costly for Deve Gowda, he loses Tumkur|work=The News Minute|url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/sacrifice-grandsons-proves-costly-deve-gowda-he-loses-tumkur-102297|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref><ref name="164.100.47.132">{{Cite web |url=http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |title=Lok Sabha |access-date=16 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141019223206/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Members/Biography.aspx?mpsno=3960 |archive-date=19 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> This was the third time he lost a [[Lok Sabha]] election as a former Prime Minister, after defeats in 1999 and 2004.
* 2020 : Elected to [[Rajya Sabha]] from Karnataka.<ref>{{cite news |title=H D Deve Gowda takes oath as Rajya Sabha member |work= Hindustan Times Minute|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/h-d-deve-gowda-takes-oath-as-rajya-sabha-member/story-MsIBNJqx8Z6lVQdgIXqvlL.html|access-date=10 June 2021}}</ref>
==See also==
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[[Category:India MPs 2004–2009]]
[[Category:India MPs 2009–2014]]
[[Category:Chief Ministersministers of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Gowda administration]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians]]
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[[Category:Samajwadi Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Kannada people]]
[[Category:Ministers of Internalinternal Affairsaffairs of India]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:India MPs 1991–1996]]
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[[Category:India MPs 1999–2004]]
[[Category:Lok Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:IndiansIndian people imprisoned during the Emergency (India)]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Janata Dal]]