Zachary Taylor: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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Line 8: {{Infobox officeholder | name = Zachary Taylor | image = Zachary Taylor restored and cropped (cropped)(2).jpg | order = 12th | office = President of the United States Line 53: ** [[Battle of Buena Vista]]{{tree list/end}} }} '''Zachary Taylor''' (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) was Taylor was born into a prominent family of plantation owners who moved westward from [[Virginia]] to [[Louisville, Kentucky]], in his youth In 1845, during the [[annexation of Texas]], President [[James K. Polk]] dispatched Taylor to the [[Rio Grande]] in anticipation of a battle with [[Centralist Republic of Mexico|Mexico]] over the disputed [[Mexico–United States border|Texas–Mexico border]]. The Mexican–American War broke out in April 1846, and Taylor defeated Mexican troops commanded by General [[Mariano Arista]] at the battles of [[Battle of Palo Alto|Palo Alto]] and [[Resaca de la Palma]], driving Arista's troops out of [[Texas]]. Taylor then led his troops into Mexico, where they defeated Mexican troops commanded by [[Pedro de Ampudia]] at the [[Battle of Monterrey]]. Defying orders, Taylor led his troops further south and, despite being severely outnumbered, dealt a crushing blow to Mexican forces under General [[Antonio López de Santa Anna]] at the [[Battle of Buena Vista]]. Taylor's troops were transferred to the command of Major General [[Winfield Scott]], but Taylor retained his popularity. Line 150: ! Insignia !! Rank !! Component !! Date |- |[[File:Union army 1st lt rank insignia.jpg|75px]] || [[ |- |[[File:Union army cpt rank insignia.jpg|75px]] || [[Captain (United States O-3)|Captain]] || |- |[[File:Union army maj rank insignia.jpg|75px]] || [[Brevet (military)|Brevet]] [[Major (United States)|Major]] || |- |[[File:Union army maj rank insignia.jpg|75px]] || [[Major (United States)|Major]] || |- |[[File:Union Army LTC rank insignia.png|75px]] || [[Lieutenant colonel (United States)|Lieutenant Colonel]] || Regular Army || April 20, 1819 Line 168: |[[File:Union army maj gen rank insignia.jpg|75px]] || [[Major general (United States)|Major General]] || Regular Army || June 29, 1846 |} Note - Major General Taylor resigned his commission in the U.S. Army on January 31, 1849, shortly before he became president.<ref>Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army. Francis B. Heitman. Volume 1. pg. 949.</ref> ==Election of 1848== Line 348: Almost immediately after his death, rumors began to circulate that Taylor had been poisoned by pro-slavery Southerners or [[Catholics]], and similar theories persisted into the 21st century.<ref>{{cite book|last=Willard and Marion|title=Killing the President|year=2010|page=188}}</ref> A few weeks after Taylor's death, President Fillmore received a letter alleging that Taylor had been poisoned by a [[Jesuit]] lay official.<ref name="Kennedy-2006-74">{{Harvp|Kennedy|Bailey|Cohen|2006|p=74-75}}</ref> In 1978, Hamilton Smith based his assassination theory on the timing of drugs, the lack of confirmed cholera outbreaks, and other material.<ref name="Hamilton">{{cite journal |author=Hamilton Smith |title=The Interpretation of the Arsenic Content of Human Hair |journal=Journal of the Forensic Science Society |volume=4 |date=Oct 1964 |issue=4 |pages=192–199 |pmid=14342380 |doi=10.1016/s0015-7368(64)70199-5 |postscript=,}} summarized in {{cite book |author1=Sten Forshufvud |author2=Ben Weider |title=Assassination at St. Helena |place=Vancouver, Canada |publisher=Mitchell Press |year=1978}}</ref> Theories that Taylor had been murdered grew after the [[assassination of Abraham Lincoln]] in 1865. In 1881, [[John Bingham]], well known for serving as the Judge Advocate General at the Lincoln assassination trial, wrote an editorial in ''The New York Times'' alleging that [[Jefferson Davis]] had poisoned Taylor.<ref name="Kennedy-2006-74" /> In the late 1980s, Clara Rising, a former professor at the University of Florida, persuaded Taylor's closest living relative to agree to an exhumation so that his remains could be tested.<ref name="orlando_july2593">{{cite news |last=McLeod |first=Michael |title=Clara Rising, Ex- [[Neutron activation analysis]] conducted at [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] revealed no evidence of poisoning, as [[arsenic]] levels were too low.<ref name="Marriott">{{cite news|last=Marriott|first=Michel|title=Verdict In: 12th President Was Not Assassinated|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/27/us/verdict-in-12th-president-was-not-assassinated.html?ref=zacharytaylor17841850|access-date=October 17, 2011|date=June 27, 2011|archive-date=May 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510230831/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/27/us/verdict-in-12th-president-was-not-assassinated.html?ref=zacharytaylor17841850|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ORNL">{{cite web |url=http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev27-12/text/ansside6.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130710051721/http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev27-12/text/ansside6.html |archive-date=July 10, 2013 |title=President Zachary Taylor and the Laboratory: Presidential Visit from the Grave |publisher=Oak Ridge National Laboratory|access-date=November 2, 2010}}</ref> The analysis concluded Taylor had contracted "cholera morbus, or acute gastroenteritis", as Washington had open sewers, and his food or drink may have been contaminated. Any potential for recovery was overwhelmed by his doctors, who treated him with "[[ipecac]], [[Mercury(I) chloride|calomel]], [[opium]], and [[quinine]]" at 40 grains per dose (approximately 2.6 grams), and "bled and blistered him too."<ref name="Sampas">{{cite news|last=Sampas|first=Jim|title=Scandal and the Heat Did Zachary Taylor In|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/04/opinion/l-scandal-and-the-heat-did-zachary-taylor-in-998691.html|access-date=October 17, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 4, 1991|archive-date=May 25, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110525095225/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/04/opinion/l-scandal-and-the-heat-did-zachary-taylor-in-998691.html?|url-status=live}}</ref> Line 465: ==External links==
{{wikisource author}} {{wikiquote}} Line 474 ⟶ 473: * {{Internet Archive author |sname=Zachary Taylor |birth=1784 |death=1850}} * {{Librivox author |id=11286}} * [https://archive.org/stream/FloridaSeminoleWarsHeritageTrail#mode/2up/ Florida Seminole Wars Heritage Trail * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130430065047/http://www.familytales.org/results.php?tla=zat Zachary Taylor letters, 1846–1848] * [ * [https://archive.today/20130705162557/http://library.uta.edu/usmexicowar/biographyresult.php?bio_id=17 Zachary Taylor] at [http://library.uta.edu/usmexicowar/ A Continent Divided: The U.S.-Mexico War], Center for Greater Southwestern Studies, the University of Texas at Arlington * In 1850, [[Anthony Philip Heinrich]] wrote [https://imslp.org/wiki/General_Taylor's_Funeral_March_(Heinrich%2C_Anthony_Philip) General Taylor's Funeral March]. Line 536 ⟶ 535: [[Category:Whig Party presidents of the United States]] [[Category:Whig Party (United States) presidential nominees]] [[Category:Family of Zachary Taylor [[Category:Lee family of Virginia]] [[Category:American nationalists]] |