Carbonic anhydrase II

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Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2) is one of sixteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases.^[5] Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Renal carbonic anhydrase allows the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule. ^[6] Loss of carbonic anhydrase activity in bones impairs the ability of osteoclasts to promote bone resorption, leading to osteopetrosis.^[7]

CA2

Available structures

PDB

Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB

List of PDB id codes

12CA, 1A42, 1AM6, 1AVN, 1BCD, 1BIC, 1BN1, 1BN3, 1BN4, 1BNM, 1BNN, 1BNQ, 1BNT, 1BNU, 1BNV, 1BNW, 1BV3, 1CA2, 1CA3, 1CAH, 1CAI, 1CAJ, 1CAK, 1CAL, 1CAM, 1CAN, 1CAO, 1CAY, 1CAZ, 1CCS, 1CCT, 1CCU, 1CIL, 1CIM, 1CIN, 1CNB, 1CNC, 1CNG, 1CNH, 1CNI, 1CNJ, 1CNK, 1CNW, 1CNX, 1CNY, 1CRA, 1CVA, 1CVB, 1CVC, 1CVD, 1CVE, 1CVF, 1CVH, 1DCA, 1DCB, 1EOU, 1F2W, 1FQL, 1FQM, 1FQN, 1FQR, 1FR4, 1FR7, 1FSN, 1FSQ, 1FSR, 1G0E, 1G0F, 1G1D, 1G3Z, 1G45, 1G46, 1G48, 1G4J, 1G4O, 1G52, 1G53, 1G54, 1H4N, 1H9N, 1H9Q, 1HCA, 1HEA, 1HEB, 1HEC, 1HED, 1HVA, 1I8Z, 1I90, 1I91, 1I9L, 1I9M, 1I9N, 1I9O, 1I9P, 1I9Q, 1IF4, 1IF5, 1IF6, 1IF7, 1IF8, 1IF9, 1KWQ, 1KWR, 1LG5, 1LG6, 1LGD, 1LUG, 1LZV, 1MOO, 1MUA, 1OKL, 1OKM, 1OKN, 1OQ5, 1RAY, 1RAZ, 1RZA, 1RZB, 1RZC, 1RZD, 1RZE, 1T9N, 1TB0, 1TBT, 1TE3, 1TEQ, 1TEU, 1TG3, 1TG9, 1TH9, 1THK, 1TTM, 1UGA, 1UGB, 1UGC, 1UGD, 1UGE, 1UGF, 1UGG, 1XEG, 1XEV, 1XPZ, 1XQ0, 1YDA, 1YDB, 1YDC, 1YDD, 1YO0, 1YO1, 1YO2, 1Z9Y, 1ZE8, 1ZFK, 1ZFQ, 1ZGE, 1ZGF, 1ZH9, 1ZSA, 1ZSB, 1ZSC, 2ABE, 2AW1, 2AX2, 2CA2, 2CBA, 2CBB, 2CBC, 2CBD, 2CBE, 2EU2, 2EU3, 2EZ7, 2F14, 2FMG, 2FMZ, 2FNK, 2FNM, 2FNN, 2FOQ, 2FOS, 2FOU, 2FOV, 2GD8, 2GEH, 2H15, 2H4N, 2HD6, 2HKK, 2HL4, 2HNC, 2HOC, 2ILI, 2NNG, 2NNO, 2NNS, 2NNV, 2NWO, 2NWP, 2NWY, 2NWZ, 2NXR, 2NXS, 2NXT, 2O4Z, 2OSF, 2OSM, 2POU, 2POV, 2POW, 2Q1B, 2Q1Q, 2Q38, 2QO8, 2QOA, 2QP6, 2VVA, 2VVB, 2WD2, 2WD3, 2WEG, 2WEH, 2WEJ, 2WEO, 2X7S, 2X7T, 2X7U, 3B4F, 3BET, 3BL0, 3BL1, 3C7P, 3CA2, 3CAJ, 3CYU, 3D8W, 3D92, 3D93, 3D9Z, 3DAZ, 3DBU, 3DC3, 3DC9, 3DCC, 3DCS, 3DCW, 3DD0, 3DD8, 3DV7, 3DVB, 3DVC, 3DVD, 3EFI, 3EFT, 3F4X, 3F8E, 3FFP, 3GZ0, 3HFP, 3HKN, 3HKQ, 3HKT, 3HKU, 3HLJ, 3HS4, 3IBI, 3IBL, 3IBN, 3IBU, 3IEO, 3IGP, 3K2F, 3K34, 3K7K, 3KIG, 3KKX, 3KNE, 3KOI, 3KOK, 3KON, 3KS3, 3KWA, 3L14, 3M04, 3M14, 3M1J, 3M1K, 3M1Q, 3M1W, 3M2N, 3M2X, 3M2Y, 3M2Z, 3M3X, 3M40, 3M5E, 3M5S, 3M5T, 3M67, 3M96, 3M98, 3MHC, 3MHI, 3MHL, 3MHM, 3MHO, 3ML2, 3MMF, 3MNA, 3MNH, 3MNI, 3MNJ, 3MNK, 3MNU, 3MWO, 3MYQ, 3MZC, 3N0N, 3N2P, 3N3J, 3N4B, 3NB5, 3NI5, 3NJ9, 3OIK, 3OIL, 3OIM, 3OKU, 3OKV, 3OY0, 3OYQ, 3OYS, 3P3H, 3P3J, 3P44, 3P4V, 3P55, 3P58, 3P5A, 3P5L, 3PJJ, 3PO6, 3PYK, 3QYK, 3R16, 3R17, 3RG3, 3RG4, 3RGE, 3RJ7, 3RLD, 3RYJ, 3RYV, 3RYX, 3RYY, 3RYZ, 3RZ0, 3RZ1, 3RZ5, 3RZ7, 3RZ8, 3S71, 3S72, 3S73, 3S74, 3S75, 3S76, 3S77, 3S78, 3S8X, 3S9T, 3SAP, 3SAX, 3SBH, 3SBI, 3T5U, 3T5Z, 3T82, 3T83, 3T84, 3T85, 3TMJ, 3TVN, 3TVO, 3U3A, 3U45, 3U47, 3U7C, 3V2J, 3V2M, 3V3F, 3V3G, 3V3H, 3V3I, 3V3J, 3V5G, 3V7X, 3VBD, 3ZP9, 4BCW, 4BF1, 4BF6, 4CA2, 4CAC, 4CQ0, 4DZ7, 4DZ9, 4E3D, 4E3F, 4E3G, 4E3H, 4E49, 4E4A, 4E5Q, 4FIK, 4FL7, 4FPT, 4FRC, 4FU5, 4FVN, 4FVO, 4G0C, 4GL1, 4HBA, 4HEW, 4HEY, 4HEZ, 4HF3, 4HT0, 4IDR, 4ILX, 4ITO, 4ITP, 4IWZ, 4JS6, 4JSA, 4JSS, 4JSW, 4JSZ, 4K0S, 4K0T, 4K0Z, 4K13, 4K1Q, 4KAP, 4KNI, 4KNJ, 4KUV, 4KUW, 4KUY, 4KV0, 4L5U, 4L5V, 4L5W, 4LHI, 4LP6, 4M2R, 4M2U, 4M2V, 4M2W, 4MDG, 4MDL, 4MDM, 4MLT, 4MLX, 4MO8, 4MTY, 4N0X, 4N16, 4PQ7, 4PXX, 4PYX, 4PYY, 4PZH, 4Q06, 4Q07, 4Q08, 4Q09, 4Q49, 4Q6D, 4Q6E, 4Q78, 4Q7P, 4Q7S, 4Q7V, 4Q7W, 4Q81, 4Q83, 4Q87, 4Q8X, 4Q8Y, 4Q8Z, 4Q90, 4Q99, 4Q9Y, 4QEF, 4QIY, 4QJM, 4QK1, 4QK2, 4QK3, 4QSA, 4QSB, 4QSI, 4QTL, 4QY3, 4R59, 4R5A, 4R5B, 4RFC, 4RFD, 4RIU, 4RIV, 4RN4, 4RUX, 4RUY, 4RUZ, 4WW6, 4XE1, 4Y0J, 4YGJ, 4YGK, 4YGL, 4YGN, 4Z0Q, 4Z1E, 4Z1J, 4Z1K, 4Z1N, 4ZWI, 4ZWY, 4ZWZ, 5AMD, 5AMG, 5AML, 5BNL, 5BRU, 5BRV, 5BRW, 5BYI, 5CA2, 5CAC, 6CA2, 7CA2, 8CA2, 9CA2, 5E2S, 4YXO, 5CLU, 4YXU, 5EKJ, 5EKH, 1G6V, 5EKM, 4ZX1, 5E2K, 4YYT, 4WL4, 4ZAO, 4ZX0, 4YX4, 4RH2, 4YWP, 4YXI, 5E28, 5E2R, 4ZWX, 5FLT, 5FNH, 5FNJ, 5FLR, 5EH5, 5FLS, 5EHW, 5FNG, 5EH8, 5EHV, 5FNI, 5FNM, 5FNK, 5EH7, 5FLQ, 5FLP, 5FLO, 5DSN, 5DSP, 5J8Z, 5FDC, 4YVY, 5DSM, 5DSL, 5FDI, 5DSJ, 5DSQ, 5DSR, 5C8I, 5DSK, 5G03, 5DSI, 5G0B, 5G0C, 5G01, 5DSO, 5A6H

Identifiers

Aliases

CA2, CA-II, CAC, CAII, Car2, HEL-76, HEL-S-282, Carbonic anhydrase II, carbonic anhydrase 2

External IDs

OMIM: 611492; MGI: 88269; HomoloGene: 37256; GeneCards: CA2; OMA:CA2 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 8 (human)^[1]

Band	8q21.2	Start	85,463,968 bp^[1]
Band	8q21.2	End	85,481,493 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)^[2]

Band	3 A1\|3 3.23 cM	Start	14,951,333 bp^[2]
Band	3 A1\|3 3.23 cM	End	14,965,830 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

mucosa of colon

mucosa of sigmoid colon

mucosa of transverse colon

rectum

sperm

mucosa of ileum

trabecular bone

jejunal mucosa

pylorus

tibia

Top expressed in

fetal liver hematopoietic progenitor cell

tibiofemoral joint

gastric mucosa

epithelium of stomach

mucous cell of stomach

human fetus

pyloric antrum

choroid plexus of fourth ventricle

deep cerebellar nuclei

left colon

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	zinc ion binding metal ion binding protein binding lyase activity carbonate dehydratase activity arylesterase activity
Cellular component	cytoplasm cytosol membrane myelin sheath apical part of cell plasma membrane microvillus axon basolateral plasma membrane extracellular exosome extracellular space
Biological process	one-carbon metabolic process regulation of chloride transport kidney development response to steroid hormone angiotensin-activated signaling pathway regulation of intracellular pH response to zinc ion positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation positive regulation of bone resorption cellular response to fluid shear stress positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic response to organic substance secretion response to estrogen morphogenesis of an epithelium odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth bicarbonate transport positive regulation of cellular pH reduction response to pH regulation of anion transport positive regulation of dipeptide transmembrane transport carbon dioxide transport
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


760


12349

Ensembl


ENSG00000104267


ENSMUSG00000027562

UniProt


P00918


P00920

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_001293675 NM_000067


NM_009801 NM_001357334

RefSeq (protein)


NP_000058 NP_001280604


NP_033931 NP_001344263

Location (UCSC)

Chr 8: 85.46 – 85.48 Mb

Chr 3: 14.95 – 14.97 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Carbonic anhydrase II has been shown to interact with band 3^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] and sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1.^[12]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000104267 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027562 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Frost, S., & McKenna, R. (2014). Carbonic anhydrase : Mechanism, regulation, links to disease, and industrial applications(Subcellular biochemistry). Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7359-2
^ "Entrez Gene: CA2 carbonic anhydrase II".
^ Reference, Genetics Home. "Osteopetrosis". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2018-10-31.
^ Sterling, D; Reithmeier R A; Casey J R (December 2001). "A transport metabolon. Functional interaction of carbonic anhydrase II and chloride/bicarbonate exchangers". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (51). United States: 47886–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105959200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 11606574.
^ Vince, J W; Reithmeier R A (October 1998). "Carbonic anhydrase II binds to the carboxyl terminus of human band 3, the erythrocyte C1-/HCO3- exchanger". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (43). UNITED STATES: 28430–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.43.28430. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9774471.
^ Vince, J W; Carlsson U; Reithmeier R A (November 2000). "Localization of the Cl-/HCO3- anion exchanger binding site to the amino-terminal region of carbonic anhydrase II". Biochemistry. 39 (44). UNITED STATES: 13344–9. doi:10.1021/bi0015111. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 11063570.
^ Vince, J W; Reithmeier R A (May 2000). "Identification of the carbonic anhydrase II binding site in the Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) anion exchanger AE1". Biochemistry. 39 (18). UNITED STATES: 5527–33. doi:10.1021/bi992564p. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 10820026.
^ Li, Xiuju; Alvarez Bernardo; Casey Joseph R; Reithmeier Reinhart A F; Fliegel Larry (September 2002). "Carbonic anhydrase II binds to and enhances activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (39). United States: 36085–91. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111952200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12138085.

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Venta PJ, Welty RJ, Johnson TM, et al. (1991). "Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency syndrome in a Belgian family is caused by a point mutation at an invariant histidine residue (107 His----Tyr): complete structure of the normal human CA II gene". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 49 (5): 1082–90. PMC 1683243. PMID 1928091.
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