List of presidents of Indonesia
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Article ImagesThe president is the head of state and also head of government of the Republic of Indonesia. The president leads the executive branch of the Indonesian government and is the supreme commander of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. Since 2004, the president and vice president are directly elected to a five-year term.The presidency was established during the formulation of the 1945 constitution by the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK), a body established by the occupying Japanese 16th Army on 1 March 1945 to work on "preparations for independence in the region of the government of this island of Java".[1] On 18 August 1945, the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Independence (PPKI), which was created on 7 August to replace the BPUPK, selected Sukarno as the country's first president.
President-elect
Portrait | Name (Birth) |
Election | Inauguration date | Political party | Vice president-elect | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prabowo Subianto (born 1951) |
2024 | 20 October 2024 | Great Indonesia Movement Party | Gibran Rakabuming Raka | |||
A retired general who was a former leader of the Special Forces Command (Kopassus) and Army Strategic Reserve Command (Kostrad). Lost twice against his predecessor in 2014 and 2019, but was appointed as Minister of Defense in 2019. Prabowo's 96 million votes were the highest received by any candidate in a democratic election in Indonesia, surpassing Joko Widodo's 85.6 million votes won in 2019. He will be the first president with a younger predecessor, the oldest president to be sworn-in for a first term (73 years old), and the first divorcee to become president, as well as president with the least amount of child. He will also be the third president from a military background. |
# | President | Born | Age at start of presidency |
Age at end of presidency |
Post-presidency timespan |
Lifespan | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Died | Age | ||||||
01 | Sukarno | 6 June 1901 | 44 years, 73 days 18 August 1945 |
65 years, 279 days 12 March 1967[b] |
3 years, 101 days | 21 June 1970 | 69 years, 15 days |
02 | Suharto | 8 June 1921 | 45 years, 277 days 12 March 1967 |
76 years, 347 days 21 May 1998[c] |
9 years, 251 days | 27 January 2008 | 86 years, 233 days |
03 | B. J. Habibie | 25 June 1936 | 61 years, 330 days 21 May 1998 |
63 years, 117 days 20 October 1999 |
19 years, 326 days | 11 September 2019 | 83 years, 78 days |
04 | Abdurrahman Wahid | 7 September 1940 | 59 years, 43 days 20 October 1999 |
60 years, 319 days 23 July 2001[b] |
8 years, 160 days | 30 December 2009 | 69 years, 114 days |
05 | Megawati Sukarnoputri | 23 January 1947 | 54 years, 181 days 23 July 2001 |
57 years, 271 days 20 October 2004 |
19 years, 355 days | (living) | 77 years, 260 days |
06 | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | 9 September 1949 | 55 years, 41 days 20 October 2004 |
65 years, 41 days 20 October 2014 |
9 years, 355 days | (living) | 75 years, 30 days |
07 | Joko Widodo | 21 June 1961 | 53 years, 121 days 20 October 2014 |
63 years, 121 days 20 October 2024 |
(incumbent) | (living) | 63 years, 110 days |
Rank | President | Length in days |
Order of presidency | Number of terms |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Suharto | 11,393[a] | 2nd • 12 March 1967 – 21 May 1998[b] | Six full terms; resigned 2 months and 11 days into seventh term |
2 | Sukarno | 7,876[c] | 1st • 18 August 1945 – 12 March 1967[d][2] | De jure: Four full terms; removed 1 year, 6 months, and 22 days into fifth term De facto: Never faced reelection, declared president for life by the Provisional People's Consultative Assembly (MPRS) on 18 May 1963 |
3 | Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | 3,652 | 6th • 20 October 2004 – 20 October 2014 | Two full terms |
4 | Joko Widodo | 3,642[e] | 7th • 20 October 2014 – Incumbent | Serving second term |
5 | Megawati Sukarnoputri | 1,185 | 5th • 23 July 2001[f] – 20 October 2004 | One partial term (3 years, 2 months, and 27 days)[g] |
6 | Abdurrahman Wahid | 642 | 4th • 20 October 1999 – 23 July 2001[d] | One partial term (1 year, 9 months, and 3 days) |
7 | B. J. Habibie | 517 | 3rd • 21 May 1998[f] – 20 October 1999 | One partial term[h] (1 year, 4 months, and 29 days) |
Acting | Assaat | 231 | 27 December 1949[i] – 15 August 1950 | State-level president[j] for 7 months and 19 days |
Acting | Sjafruddin Prawiranegara | 203 | 22 December 1948[i] – 13 July 1949 | Acting president[k] for 6 months and 21 days |
- ^ Suharto was acting president until 27 March 1968 (381 days), when he was made full president
- ^ Resigned from office
- ^ Sukarno was detained by Dutch troops on 19 December 1948 during the Operation Kraai. During this time, the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, led by Sjafruddin Prawiranegara, acted as the country's government-in-exile until 13 July 1949. As a result, Sukarno's term in office actually had 206 days less. This figure includes his term as the president of the United States of Indonesia (27 December 1949 – 15 August 1950; 231 days), which was coterminous with Assaat being president of the constituent Republic of Indonesia.
- ^ a b Removed from office
- ^ As of 9 October 2024
- ^ a b Succeeded to presidency
- ^ Sought election to a full term in 2004, but was defeated.
- ^ Originally assigned to office until 10 March 2003, but due to the accelerated election he was required to face reelection in which he did not contest after his accountability speech was rejected by the MPR.
- ^ a b Acting president
- ^ President of State of Republic of Indonesia after Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, while Sukarno became president of United States of Indonesia.
- ^ President of emergency government during Indonesian National Revolution, after both Sukarno and Hatta were captured by the Dutch authorities after the second police action.
- ^ Kusuma, A.B.; Elson, R.E. (2011), "A note on the sources for the 1945 constitutional debates in Indonesia" (PDF), Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, 167 (2–3): 196–209, doi:10.1163/22134379-90003589, ISSN 0006-2294
- ^ a b Sukarno transferred key presidential powers to Suharto on 11 March 1966 in a vaguely worded letter of authority known as Supersemar and surrendered his powers on 20 February 1967 but he was not formally relieved of his presidential title by the provisional parliament until 12 March 1967.
- ^ Cochrane, Joe (22 July 2014). "A Child of the Slum Rises as President of Indonesia". The New York Times.