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Betula pumila (dwarf birch[2] or bog birch[3]) is a deciduous shrub native to North America. Bog birch occurs over a vast area of northern North America, from Yukon in the west to New England in the east and all the way to Washington and Oregon, inhabiting swamps and riparian zones in the boreal forests.
| Betula pumila | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fagales |
| Family: | Betulaceae |
| Genus: | Betula |
| Subgenus: | Betula subg. Chamaebetula |
| Species: | B. pumila |
| Binomial name | |
| Betula pumila | |
It reaches 1–4 m (3–13 ft) in height. Like other birches, it is monoecious and its reproductive structures are catkins. Leaves are alternate but close together, especially on slow growing individuals. Leaves are coarsely dentate and rounded at the base.
- ^ Stritch, L. (2018). "Betula pumila". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T194637A2354664. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T194637A2354664.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
- ^ "Betula pumila". North American Native Plant Society. Archived from the original on 2017-10-30.
- ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Betula pumila". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team.
- Furlow, John J. (1997). "Betula pumila". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
- Native Plant Database profile, Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center, University of Texas at Austin