ใ - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yลgana kanji ็ฑ in the cursive sลsho style.
- The hiragana syllable ใ (yu). Its equivalent in katakana is ใฆ (yu). It is the thirty-seventh syllable in the gojลซon order; its position is ใ่กใๆฎต (ya-gyล u-dan, โrow ya, section uโ).
- (Hiragana) ๅนณไปฎๅ; ใใ, ใใ, ใใ ใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใใ, ใ๐ฒ (๐ฒ)ใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใ, ใใ , ใกใข, ใคใฃใฅ, ใฆใง, ใจใฉ, ใช, ใซ, ใฌ, ใญ, ใฎ, ใฏใฐใฑ, ใฒใณใด, ใตใถใท, ใธในใบ, ใปใผใฝ, ใพ, ใฟ, ใ, ใ, ใ, ใใ, ๐, ใใ , ๐, ใใ, ใใใ, ใใใ, ใใใ, ใใใ, ใใใ, ใใใใ, ใ๐ (๐ )ใใ, ๐ (๐), ใ๐ (๐ )ใใ, ใ๐ (๐ )ใใ, ใ, ใผ, ใ, ใ, ใ
For pronunciation and definitions of ใ โ see the following entries. |
(This term, ใ (yu), is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as ใ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ใ.) |
(The following entries are uncreated: ้, ็ฑ, ๆฒน, ๅฉ, ๆ, ่ซญ, ่ผธ, ็, ่ซ.)
For pronunciation and definitions of ใ โ see the following entries. |
(This term, ใ (yu), is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.) For a list of all kanji read as ใ, see Category:Japanese kanji read as ใ.) |
From Old Japanese.
- (Classical Japanese) attaches to the ๆช็ถๅฝข (mizenkei, โirrealis formโ) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
Stem forms | |||
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Irrealis (ๆช็ถๅฝข) | ใ | ใ | -e |
Continuative (้ฃ็จๅฝข) | ใ | ใ | -e |
Terminal (็ตๆญขๅฝข) | ใ | ใ | -yu |
Attributive (้ฃไฝๅฝข) | ใใ | ใใ | -yuru |
Realis (ๅทฒ็ถๅฝข) | ใใ | ใใ | -yure |
Imperative (ๅฝไปคๅฝข) | ใใ | ใใ | -eyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | ใใ | ใใ | -ezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ใใใฉ | ใใใฉ | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ใใใฐ | ใใใฐ | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | ใใฐ | ใใฐ | -eba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | ใใ | ใใ | -eki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | ใใใ | ใใใ | -ekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | ใใค | ใใค | -etu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | ใใฌ | ใใฌ | -enu |
Perfect-continuative tense | ใใใ | ใใใ | -etari |
Volitional | ใใ | ใใ | -emu |
- ใใใใ (arayuru)
- ๆ่ฌ (iwayuru)
From Proto-Ryukyuan *wo, from Proto-Japonic *wo.
Cognate with standard Japanese ใ (wo).
ใ (yu)ย
- (archaic, literary, with transitive verb) accusative case particle
- ่ชฐใๆจใฟใจใ
ใฆใ้ณดใกใ
ใๆตๅ้ณฅใ
- Taru-yu uramituti nachuga hamachiduri.
- Who do you hate when you sing, the plover on the beach?
- ่ชฐใๆจใฟใจใ
ใฆใ้ณดใกใ
ใๆตๅ้ณฅใ
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) away from, off
- (archaic, literary, with intransitive verb) along, following a specified route, track, orbit, etc.
In modern Okinawan parlance this accusative particle is simply omitted from direct objects and the like, turning the language into a marked nominative language.
Alternative spelling |
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ๆ |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
ใ (-yu)
- attaches to the ๆช็ถๅฝข (mizenkei, โirrealis formโ) of verbs
- expresses passiveness
- expresses possibility
- expresses natural, spontaneous occurrence
- The alternative kanji spelling of this verb suffix derives from Middle Chinese ๆ (สษจสX), a prefix attached to verbs to form noun phrases, indicating the patient of the verb, similar to a passive participle. In writing, this is used prefixally as in Chinese, by adding it before the kanji of the verb. The resulting compound is read as the irrealis stem of the verb plus the terminal ใ (yu) or attributive ใใ (yuru), depending on the grammar required by the syntax. Examples are ๆ่ฌ (ipayuru), ๆๅฟต (omopoyu), ๆ่ฆ (mi1yu), ๆ่ (ki1ko2yu), ๆ็ฅ (sirayu).
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (ๆช็ถๅฝข) | ๐ | ๐ | -ye |
Continuative (้ฃ็จๅฝข) | ๐ | ๐ | -ye |
Terminal (็ตๆญขๅฝข) | ใ | ใ | -yu |
Attributive (้ฃไฝๅฝข) | ใใ | ใใ | -yuru |
Realis (ๅทฒ็ถๅฝข) | ใใ | ใใ | -yure |
Imperative (ๅฝไปคๅฝข) | ๐ใ | ๐ใ | -yeyo |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | ๐ใ | ๐ใ | -yezu |
Contrasting conjunction | ใใใฉ | ใใใฉ | -yuredo |
Causal conjunction | ใใใฐ | ใใใฐ | -yureba |
Conditional conjunction | ๐ใฐ | ๐ใฐ | -yeba |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | ๐ใ | ๐ใ | -yeki |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | ๐ใใ | ๐ใใ | -yekeri |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | ๐ใค | ๐ใค | -yetu |
Perfect tense (natural event) | ๐ใฌ | ๐ใฌ | -yenu |
Perfect-continuative tense | ๐ใใ | ๐ใใ | -yetari |
Volitional | ๐ใ | ๐ใ | -yemu |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
ใ (yu)
- ใใ (yuri)
- Japanese: ใใ (yori)
From Proto-Japonic *yu.
ใ (yu)