懺悔 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: 忏悔
feel remorse; regret; repent | regret | ||
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trad. (懺悔) | 懺 | 悔 | |
simp. (忏悔) | 忏 | 悔 | |
alternative forms | 讖悔/谶悔 |
Combination of abbreviated Sanskrit क्षमा (kṣamā, “pardon, forgiveness”) 懺 + native Chinese 悔 (“regret”).
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): caam3 fui3
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhàm-hóe
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshe-hue
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: chànhuǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˋ ㄏㄨㄟˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chànhuěi
- Wade–Giles: chʻan4-hui3
- Yale: chàn-hwěi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: channhoei
- Palladius: чаньхуэй (čanʹxuej)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: caam3 fui3
- Yale: chaam fui
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsaam3 fui3
- Guangdong Romanization: cam3 fui3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaːm³³ fuːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tsrhaemH xwojX|xwojH
Rime | |||
---|---|---|---|
Character | 懺 | 悔 | 悔 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 初 (19) | 曉 (32) | 曉 (32) |
Final (韻) | 銜 (149) | 灰 (42) | 灰 (42) |
Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Closed | Closed |
Division (等) | II | I | I |
Fanqie | 楚鑑切 | 呼罪切 | 荒内切 |
Baxter | tsrhaemH | xwojX | xwojH |
Reconstructions | |||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ʃʰˠamH/ | /huʌiX/ | /huʌiH/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚamH/ | /huoiX/ | /huoiH/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ʃʰamH/ | /xuɒiX/ | /xuɒiH/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨmH/ | /hwəjX/ | /hwəjH/ |
Li Rong |
/t͡ʃʰamH/ | /xuᴀiX/ | /xuᴀiH/ |
Wang Li |
/t͡ʃʰamH/ | /xuɒiX/ | /xuɒiH/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ʈ͡ʂʰamH/ | /xuɑ̆iX/ | /xuɑ̆iH/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chàn | huǐ | huì |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
caam3 | fui2 | fui3 |
懺悔
- to make confession
- to repent one's sins
懺悔/忏悔 (chànhuǐ) can be used to refer to both the Buddhist and Catholic tradition of confession and repentance.
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
懺 | 悔 |
さん Hyōgai |
け > げ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
懺悔 (kyūjitai) 懴悔 |
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
懺 | 悔 |
ざん Hyōgai |
け > げ Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
---|
懺悔 (kyūjitai) 懴悔 |
- confession and repentance in Christianity and other religions
- confession to another person
懺悔する or 懺悔する • (sange suru or senge suru) suru (stem 懺悔し (sange shi), past 懺悔した (sange shita))
懺悔する • (zange suru) suru (stem 懺悔し (zange shi), past 懺悔した (zange shita))
- confess and repent in Christianity and other religions
- confess to another person
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 懺悔し | さんげし | sange shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 懺悔し | さんげし | sange shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 懺悔する | さんげする | sange suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 懺悔する | さんげする | sange suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 懺悔すれ | さんげすれ | sange sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 懺悔せよ¹ 懺悔しろ² |
さんげせよ¹ さんげしろ² |
sange seyo¹ sange shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 懺悔される | さんげされる | sange sareru | |
Causative | 懺悔させる 懺悔さす |
さんげさせる さんげさす |
sange saseru sange sasu | |
Potential | 懺悔できる | さんげできる | sange dekiru | |
Volitional | 懺悔しよう | さんげしよう | sange shiyō | |
Negative | 懺悔しない | さんげしない | sange shinai | |
Negative continuative | 懺悔せず | さんげせず | sange sezu | |
Formal | 懺悔します | さんげします | sange shimasu | |
Perfective | 懺悔した | さんげした | sange shita | |
Conjunctive | 懺悔して | さんげして | sange shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 懺悔すれば | さんげすれば | sange sureba | |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative |
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
懺 | 悔 |
- hanja form? of 참회 (“confession, repentance”)
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
懺 | 悔 |
懺悔
- chữ Hán form of sám hối (“to repent [in Sanskrit is Kṣamayati (क्षमयति)], to show repentance”).