-il - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / Ə / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal except after L |
-ıl | -il | -ul | -ül |
after L | -ın | -in | -un | -ün |
postvocalic | -n |
-il
- Passive suffix.[1]
A notable irregularity is görmək, which takes -ün (instead of expected -ül):
Verbs with monosyllabic vowel-ending stems generally take a y before the suffixes -il, -in, or -iş:
- ^ Şirəliyev, Məmmədağa, Sevortyan, Ervand (1971) “-il”, in Grammatika azerbajdžanskovo jazyka. Fonetika, morfologija i sintaksis. [Grammar of Azerbaijani language. Phonetics, morphology, syntax.], Baku: Elm, pages 106-108
-il m
- postpositive form of il
Borrowed from French -ile, Italian -ile, Portuguese -il, all ultimately from Latin -īle.
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-il
- forms nouns from nouns, denoting a place where animals are kept
Category Interlingua terms suffixed with -il not found
- Alexander Gode, Hugh E. Blair (1955) Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN
From the syllable -ar in Arabic عَشَر (ʕašar, “ten”). The same alternation between absolute and attributive form is found in most modern dialects of Arabic, though generally with the original consonant r preserved. Compare North Levantine Arabic تنعش (tnaʕš, “twelve”), attributively تنعشر (tnaʕšar).
-il
- Used to form the attributive form of cardinal numbers 11 to 19.
- erbatax (“fourteen”) → erbatax-il jum (“fourteen days”)
- The suffix is spelt with a hyphen for phonetic reasons. It is, namely, apart from a few recent borrowings from English the only case where preconsonantal i in a final syllable is short. Thus, /ɛrbaˈtaːʃɪl/ is rendered as erbatax-il rather than *erbataxil, which latter should be pronounced */ɛrbataˈʃiːl/.
-il
- Alternative form of -el (“agentive suffix”)
From Proto-Samic *-jēlē.
-il
- Forms adjectives from verbs, indicating an inclination or tendency to perform the verb's action.
- This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Odd, no gradation | ||
---|---|---|
Attributive | -ilis | |
Nominative | -il | |
Genitive | -ila | |
Attributive | -ilis | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | -il | -ilat |
Accusative | -ila | -iliid |
Genitive | -ila | -iliid |
Illative | -ilii | -iliidda |
Locative | -ilis | -iliin |
Comitative | -iliin | -iliiguin |
Essive | -ilin |
-il m (noun-forming suffix, plural -is)
- indicating a place for holding a specified type of animal
Learned borrowing from Latin -īlis.
-il m or f (adjective-forming suffix, plural -is)
- -ile (tending to or capable of)
- Most adjectives with this suffix are borrowed as a whole word from Latin rather than formed using this suffix in Portuguese.
-il m or f (adjective-forming suffix, masculine and feminine plural -iles)
- -ile (indicating relation or pertaining to)
- “-il”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
preceding vowel | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
A / I | E / İ | O / U | Ö / Ü | |
postconsonantal except after L |
-ıl | -il | -ul | -ül |
after L | -ın | -in | -un | -ün |
postvocalic | -n |
-il
-il
- Used to form diminutives